Résumé
Dans les recherches internationales en sciences sociales, une abondante littérature croise les trois thématiques de la jeunesse, des nouvelles technologies et de la sécurité. Sur ce dernier point, le contraste entre les travaux anglo-saxons et francophones est notable: l’analyse bibliographique présentée souligne la forte spécificité du Royaume-Uni et des Etats-Unis, tant dans les comportements de communication eux-mêmes que chez les chercheurs qui les étudient. Les inquiétudes parentales y apparaissent particulièrement fortes, surtout par comparaison avec l’Europe continentale. Au Royaume-Uni par exemple, celles-ci se traduisent par un surinvestissement médiatique et familial dans la chambre d’enfant que Sonia Livingstone a appelé la bedroom culture: le suréquipement en terminaux multimédias apparaît comme une compensation offerte par les parents pour l’assignation des enfants au domicile. Dans ce cadre, l’arrivée des nouveaux outils de communication interpersonnelle renouvèle tout autant le répertoire des usages que les questionnements de recherche. En effet, textuels et donc plus discrets que la téléphonie vocale, les nouveaux outils ont permis aux enfants de communiquer avec l’extérieur en échappant plus aisément au contrôle des parents. Ces dispositifs, parce qu’ils sont de véritables supports d’autonomisation pour les jeunes, ont profondément redistribué l’ordonnancement territorial de la bedroom culture ainsi que ses formes de régulation. La gestion familiale du risque technique et informationnel est un espace de conflits où se jouent les territoires domestiques, les relations intergénérationnelles, et les inquiétudes sociales et économiques. L’article décrit les spécificités des travaux anglo-saxons, tant dans les programmes de recherche que dans les résultats empiriques, et les contraste avec leurs équivalents francophones quand la bibliographie le permet.
Abstract
In international researches in social sciences, an abundant literature crosses the three themes of youth, new technologies and security. On this last point, contrasts between English- and French-speaking researches are important: the bibliographical analysis presented underlines the strong specificity of the United Kingdom and the United States, as well in the communication practices themselves as in the researchers who study them. Parental concerns appear particularly strong there, especially by comparison with continental Europe. In the United Kingdom for example, those result in a media and family over-investment in the children bedroom that Sonia Livingstone called the bedroom culture: the overequipment of multimedia terminals appears as a compensation offered by the parents for the assignment of the children to the home. Within this framework, the adoption of new communication technologies has changed both social uses and research agendas. Indeed, textual and thus more discrete than vocal telephony, the new tools enable the children to communicate with the outside world while more easily escaping from parental control. These devices, because they are true supports of autonomization for the children, deeply redistributed the territorial arrangements of the bedroom culture as well as its forms of regulation. The family management of technical and informational risks is an area of conflicts where the domestic territories, the intergenerational relations, and social and economic concerns are played. The article describes specificities of Anglo-Saxon literature, both in the research programs and in the empirical results, and contrasts them with their French-speaking equivalents when the bibliography allows it.
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Lelong, B., Metton, C. Enfants, sécurité et nouveaux médias: une revue des travaux anglo-saxons. Ann. Telecommun. 62, 1256–1273 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03253317
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03253317