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Visualization of a rotating flow under large-deformed free surface using anisotropic flakes

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Abstract

This study aims to clarify the relationship between the deformation of a free surface and flow transition in a “switching phenomenon” process. In a flow driven by a rotating disk in a cylindrical open vessel, the free surface irregularly changes its shape from axisymmetric to nonaxisymmetric and vice versa with repeating up-and-down motion (so-called “switching phenomenon”). The flow under the free surface was visualized by anisotropic flakes. When the free surface assumes a parabolic shape, the flow is distinguished by three regions; local circulation region, rigid vortex region and meridional circulation region. The flow transition in the switching phenomenon was shown by snapshots and movies of the visualized flow; the flow near the free surface is laminar even if the shape of the free surface changes to nonaxisymmetric during the time at which the free surface attaches to the bottom of the vessel. After the free surface detaches from the disk, the flow near the free surface becomes turbulent. When the free surface changes to axisymmetric while descending to the bottom, the flow changes from turbulent to laminar flow and the local circulation region reemerges at the center of the vessel.

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Correspondence to Tasaka Y..

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Yuji Tasaka: He received his M. Eng. in Mechanical Engineering in 2002 from Hokkaido University. He also received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering in 2005 from the same university. He worked in the Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University as a research associate. He is an assistant professor since 2006. His research interests are ultrasonic measurement of liquid metal flow, especially thermal convection, flow instability and transition processes from laminar flow to turbulent flow.

Kentaro Ito: He received his M.Sc. in Mathematics in 2005 from Hokkaido University. He is a Ph.D student in the Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University since 2005. His research interests are dynamical systems, coupled oscillator systems, and bifurcation theory.

Makoto Iima: He received his M.Sc. degree in 1995 from Kyoto University. He also received his Ph.D. in fluid mechanics in 1998 from the same university. He worked in Research Institute for Electronic Sciences, Hokkaido University as a research associate, and currently he is an assistant professor since 1999. His research interests include turbulent phenomena, biofluid mechanics, and nonlinear systems.

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Tasaka, Y., Ito, K. & Iima, M. Visualization of a rotating flow under large-deformed free surface using anisotropic flakes. J Vis 11, 163–172 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03181931

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03181931

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