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Clinical use of non-a botulinum toxins: Botulinum toxin type C and botulinum toxin type F

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Abstract

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) serotype A is commonly used in the treatment of focal dystonia, but some patients are primarily or become secondarily resistant to it. Consequently, other serotypes have to be used when immuno-resistance is proven. In the literature, patients with focal dystonia have been treated with BoNT serotype F with clinical benefit but with short lasting effects. Recently, BoNT serotype C has been used with positive clinical outcome. An update on the clinical use of BoNT serotype F and BoNT serotype C is provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Neuroscience Department, Neurology Section, Umberto I Hospital, Venice, Italy

    Roberto Eleopra

  2. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology Section, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy

    Valeria Tugnoli & Rocco Quatrale

  3. Biomedical Science Department, University of Padua, Italy

    Ornella Rossetto & Cesare Montecucco

  4. Department of Neurology, Rostock University, Rostock, Germany

    Dirk Dressler

Authors
  1. Roberto Eleopra
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  2. Valeria Tugnoli
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  3. Rocco Quatrale
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  4. Ornella Rossetto
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  5. Cesare Montecucco
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  6. Dirk Dressler
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Correspondence to Roberto Eleopra.

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Eleopra, R., Tugnoli, V., Quatrale, R. et al. Clinical use of non-a botulinum toxins: Botulinum toxin type C and botulinum toxin type F. neurotox res 9, 127–131 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03033930

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03033930

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