Skip to main content
Log in

Sizing of spray particles using image processing technique

  • Published:
KSME International Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The image processing technique is simple and, in principle, can handle particles with various shapes since it is based on direct visualization. Moreover, a wide measurement area can be covered with appropriate optical arrangement. In the present paper, various techniques of image processing for sizing and counting particles are reviewed and recent developments are introduced. Two major subjects are discussed in detail: identification of particles (i.e., boundary detection and pattern recognition) and determination of in-focus criteria. Finally, an overall procedure for image processing of spray particles is suggested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Chigier, N., 1983, “Drop Size and Velocity Instrumentation,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., Vol. 9, pp. 155–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chigier. N., 1991. “Optical Imaging of Sprays,” Prog. Energy Combustion Sci., No. 17, pp. 211–262.

  • Crida, R. C. and de Jager,G., 1997, “An Approach to Rock Size Measurement based on a Model of the Human Visual System,”Minerals Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 10, pp. 1085–1093.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cruvinel P. E., Vieira, S. R., Crestana, S., Minatel, E. R., Mucheroni, M. L. and Neto, A. T., 1999, “Image Processing in Automated Measurements of Raindrop Size and Distribution,”Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol. 23, pp. 205–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fantini, E., Tognotti, L. and Tonazzini, A., 1990, “Drop Size Distribution in Sprays by Image Processing,”Computers chem. Engng., Vol. 14, No. 11, pp. 1201–1211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garciamoreno, C. J., 2002, “Heat Transfer in Two-Phase Stagnation Point Flow,” M. S. Thesis, The University of Michigan, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez. R. C. and Woods, R. E., 1993, Digital Image Processing, Addison Wesley.

  • Hernandez-Aquilar, J. R., Coleman, R. G., Gomez, C. O. and Finch, J. A., 2004, “A Comparison between Capillary and Image Techniques for Sizing Bubbles in Flotation Systems,”Mineral Engineering, Vol. 17, pp. 53–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. Y., 2000, “Study of Internal Flow Characteristics and Atomization Performance of Effervescent Atomizers,” Ph. D Thesis, KAIST, Korea.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. Y., Chu, J. H. and Lee, S. Y., 1999, “Improvement of Pattern Recognition Algorithm for Drop Size Measurement,”Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 313–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, K. S. and Kim, S. S., 1994, “Drop Sizing and Depth-of-Field Correction in TV Imaging,”Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 4, pp. 65–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, I.G. and Lee, S. Y., 1990, “A Simple Technique for Sizing and Counting of Spray Drops Using Digital Image Processing,”Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., Vol. 3, pp. 214–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Y. D. and Lee, S. Y., 2002, “Application of Hough Transform to Image Processing of Heavily Overlapped Particles with Spherical Shapes,”Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 451–461.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Y. D., Lee, S. Y. and Chu, J. H., 2001, “Separation of Overlapped Particles Using Boundary Curvature Information,” Proceedings of the 6th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems (ILASS-Asia 2001), pp. 259–264.

  • Koh, K. U., Kim, J. Y. and Lee, S. Y., 2001, “Determination of Infocus Criteria and Depth of Field in Image Processing of Spray Particles,”Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 317–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kruis, F. E., Denderen, J. V., Burrman, H. and Scarlett, B., 1994, “Characterization of Agglomerated and Aggregated Aerosol Particles Using Image Analysis,”Part. Part. Syst. Charact., Vol. 11, pp. 426–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lebrun, D., Touil, C. E. and Ozkul, C, 1996, “Methods for the Deconvolution of Defocused-Image Pairs Recorded Separately on Two CCD Cameras: Application to Particle Sizing,”Applied Optics, Vol. 35, No. 32, pp. 6375–6381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lecuona, A., Sosa, P. A., Rodriguez, P. A. and Zequeira, R. I., 2000, “Volumetric Characterization of Dispersed Two-phase Flows by Digital Image Analysis,”Measurement Science and Technology, No. 11. pp. 1152–1161.

  • Lee, S. Y., Park, B. S. and Kim, I. G., 1991, “Gray Level Factors Used in Image Processing of Two-Dimensional Drop Images,”Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 389–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malot, H. and Blaisot, J. B., 2000, “Droplet Size Distribution and Sphericity Measurements of Low-Density Sprays through Image Analysis,”Part. Part. Syst. Charact., No. 17, pp. 146–158.

  • Malysa, K., Ng, S., Cymbalisty, L., Czarnecki, J. and Masliyah, J., 1999, “A Method of Visualization and Characterization of Aggregate Flow inside a Separation Vessel, Part 1. Size, Shape and Rise Velocity of the Aggregates,”Int. J. Mineral Processing, Vol. 55, pp. 171–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nishino, K., Kato, H. and Torii, K.. 2000, “Stereo Imaging for Simultaneous Measurement of Size and Velocity of Particles in Dispersed Two-Phase Flow,”Measurement Science and Technology, No. 11, pp. 633 - 645.

  • Oberdier, L. M., 1984, “An Instrumentation System to Automate the Analysis of Fuel-Spray Images using Computer Vision,”ASTM, No. 848, pp. 123–136.

  • Otsu, N., 1979, “A Threshold Selection Method from Gray Level Histogram,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Vol. SMC-9, No. 1, pp. 62–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, S., Cho, H., Yoon, l. and Min, K 2002, “Measurement of Droplet Size Distribution of Gasoline Direct Injection Spray by Droplet Generator and Planar Image Technique,”Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 13, pp. 859–864.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramshaw, C, 1968, “A Technique for Drop Size Measurements by Direct Photography and Electronic Image Size Analysis,”J. Inst. Fuel, No. 41, 288–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saylor, J. R. and Jones, B. K., 2002, “A Method for Increasing Depth of Field during Droplet Imaging,”Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 73, No. 6, pp. 2422–2427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen, L., Song, X., Murai, Y., Iguchi, M. and Yamamoto, F., 2001, “Velocity and Size Measurement of Falling Particles with Fuzzy PTV,” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 12, pp. 191–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sudheer, K. P. and Panda, R. K., 2000, “Digital Image Processing for Determining Drop Sizes from Irrigation Spray Nozzles,”Agricultural Water Management, No. 45, pp. 159–167.

  • Swithenbank, J., Beer, J., Taylor, D. S., Abbot, D. and McGreath, G. C., 1977, “A Laser Diagnostic Technique for the Measurement of Droplet and Particle Size Distributions,”Prog. Aeronaut. Astronaut., Vol. 53, pp. 421–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watano, S. and Miyanami, K., 1995, “Image Processing for On-line Monitoring of Granule Size Distribution and Shape in Fludized Bed Granulation,”Powder Technology, Vol. 83, pp. 55–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wild, P. N. and Swithenbank, J., 1986, “Beam Stop and Vignetting Effects in Particle Size Measurements by Laser Diffraction,”Applied Optics, No. 25, pp. 3520–3526.

  • Zhang, G. J. and Ishii, M., 1995, “Isokinetic Sampling Probe and Image Processing System for Droplet Size Measurement in Two-Phase Flow,”Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 38, No. 11, pp. 2019–2027.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sang Yong Lee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lee, S.Y., Kim, Y.D. Sizing of spray particles using image processing technique. KSME International Journal 18, 879–894 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990860

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990860

Key Words

Navigation