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Effect of botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins on the gut enzyme of the rice leaffolderCnaphalocrocis medinalis

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Abstract

The effect of botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins on gut enzyme activity of larvae of the rice leaffolderCnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was investigated. Gut enzyme activities were affected by botanical insecticides and bacterial toxin individually and in combination. When fed a diet of rice leaves treated with botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins, in bioassays the activities of gut tissue enzymes — acid phosphatases (ACP), alkaline phosphatases (ALP) and adenosine triphosphatases (ATPase) — of rice leaffolder larvae were affected. When combined, the effect was more severe at a low concentration. Larvae that were chronically exposed to botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins showed a reduction in weight (59–89%) and exhibited a significant reduction in ACP, ALP and ATPase activities. The combination ofBacillus thuringiensis kurstaki and botanical insecticides caused a decrease of twofold in enzyme activity even at reduced concentration. A synergistic effect was found when botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins were combined at low doses. These effects were most pronounced in early instars. Clear dose-response relationships were established with respect to enzyme activity. In conclusion: (i) biopesticides are relatively safe and biodegradable; (ii) a synergistic effect of botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins was found; (iii) less expensive, readily available and naturally occurring biopesticides could be an alternative for organic and inorganic pesticides in controlling RLF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 561 756, Jeonju City, Chonbuk, South Korea

    S. Senthil Nathan & Paul Gene Chung

  2. Dept. of Zoology, Bharathiar University, 64 1046, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Senthil Nathan & K. Murugan

Authors
  1. S. Senthil Nathan
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  2. Paul Gene Chung
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  3. K. Murugan
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Correspondence to S. Senthil Nathan.

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http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 28, 2004.

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Nathan, S.S., Chung, P.G. & Murugan, K. Effect of botanical insecticides and bacterial toxins on the gut enzyme of the rice leaffolderCnaphalocrocis medinalis . Phytoparasitica 32, 433–443 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980437

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