Abstract
In the seeds ofAllium altaicun (Pall.)Reyse a set of enzymes was found, metabolizing choline esters, composed of active choline esterases and choline acetyltransferase. Choline esterase cleaving acetylcholine occurs in five isoenzymes. The enzyme preparation hydrolyses strongly acetylthiocholine and sinapine, but weakly butyrylthiocholine (20%) in comparison with acetylthiocholine. The hydrolysis of the substrates mentioned is inhibited by physostigmine and neostigmine, but it is not inhibited by the specific inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase (BW 284 C51). In addition to hydrolytic activity a strong catalytic activity of choline acetyltransferase was also observed during the synthesis of sinapine from sinapic acid and choline. The detection of the mentioned enzymes in some representatives of theAllium genus indicates that choline esterases are more widely distributed in monocotyledons than previously assumed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bähre, R.: Zur Regulation des Protonemswachstums vonAthyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth. II. Acetylcholin als Äthylenantagonist. -Z. Pflanzenphysiol.76: 248–251, 1975.
Barlow, R. B., Dixon, R. O. D.: Choline acetyltransferase in the nettleUrtica dioica L. -Biochem. J.132: 15–18, 1973.
Davis, B. J.: Disc electrophoresis. II. Method and application to human serum proteins. -Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.121: 404–427, 1964.
Ellman, G. L., Courtney, K. D., Andres, V., Featherstone, R. M.: A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acctylcholinesterase activity. -Biochem. Pharmacol.7: 88–95, 1961.
Fluck, R. A., Jaffe, M. J.: The acetylcholine system in plants. -Curr. Adv. Plant Sci.5: 1–22, 1974a.
Fluck, R. A., Jaffe, M. J.: The distribution of cholinesterases in plant species. -Phytochemistry13: 2475–2480, 1974b.
Karnovsky, M. J., Roots, L. J.: A direct coloring “thiocholin” method for cholinesterases. -J. Histochem. Cytochem.12: 219–221, 1964.
Kasturi, R.:De novo synthesis of acetylcholinesterase in roots ofPisum sativum. -Phytochemistiy17: 647–649, 1978.
Kasturi, R., Vasantharajan, V. N.: Properties of acetylcholmesterase fromPisum sativum. -Phytochemistry15: 1345–1347, 1976.
Kefeli, V. I., Kutáček, M., Vacková, K., Macháčkova, I., Zmrhal, Z., Vlasov, P. V., Guskov, A. B., Shapkin, V.: [Physiological properties of sinapine and sinapoylglucose from kohlrabi (Brassice oleracca var.gongyloides)]. In Russ. -Fiziol. Rast.24: 1200–1204, 1977.
Klozová, E., Hadačová, V., Turková, V.: A contribution to the standartization of the methods for the preparation of seed proteins ofAllium cepa L. -Biol. Plant.21: 284–290, 1979.
Koštíř, J., Kleňha, J., Jiráček, V.: [The influence of choline and acetylcholine on the germination of seeds of economically important plants I]. In Czech. -Rostlinná Výroba (Praha)11: 1239–1280, 1965.
Kutáček, M., Kefeli, V. I. Pospíšil F., DeAlmeida, R. M., Vacková, K., Eder, J., Mikhaïlovskiï, N.: [Complex hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives ofBrassicaceae plants and the contribution of choline esterase to their metabolism. Biol.gical role of the investigated system]. In Russ. -In: Kefeli V. I. (ed.): Rost Rasteniï i Prirodnye Regulatory. Nauka, Moskva. -In press.
Kutáček, M., Kefeli, V. I., Vacková, K., Macháčková, I.: Natural sinapic acid derivatives in kohlrabi-sinapine and 1-0-sinapovl-β-D-glucose, their biological activity. -Abstract of Paper-demonstrations. 9th Int. Conference on Plant Growth Substances. Pp. 206–208. Lausanne 1976.
Lojda, Z., Gossrau, R., Schiebler, T. H.: Enzym-histochemische Methoden. Methods of Enzyme-Histochemistry. -Springer Verlag, Berlin -Heidelberg -New York 1976.
Maynard, E. A.: Electrophoretic studies of cholinesterase in brain and muscle of developing chicken. -J. exp. Zool.161: 319–336, 1966.
Paul, J., Fottrell, P.: Tissue-specific and species-specific esterases. -Biochem. J.78: 418–424, 1961.
Pearse, A. G. E.: Histochemistry Theoretical and Applied. Vol.2, (3. ed.). -Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh-London 1972.
Penel, C., Darimont, E., Greppin, H., Gaspar, Th.: Effect of acetylcholine on growth and isoperoxidases of the lentil (Lens culinaris) root. -Biol. Plant.18: 293–298, 1976.
Riov, J., Jaffe, M. J.: Cholinesterases from plant tissues. I. Purification and characterization of a cholinesterase from mung bean roots. -Plant Physiol.51: 520–528, 1973.
Sahulka, J., Beneš, K.: Fractions of non specific esterases in root tip ofVicia faba L. revealed by disc electrophoresis in acrylamide gel. -Biol. Plant.11: 23–33, 1969.
Tzagoloff, A.: Metabolism of sinapine in mustard plants. II. Purification and some properties of sinapine esterase. -Plant Physiol.38: 207–213, 1973.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hadačová, V., Hofman, J., de Almeida, R.M. et al. Choliae esterases and choline acetyltransferase in the seeds ofAllium altaicum (Pall.) Reyse. Biol Plant 23, 220–227 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02894892
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02894892