Abstract
Hundreds of varieties in the five recoǵnized species of this ǵenus, all native to the Americas, are the sources of the well known pumpkins and squashes, of which about 150,000 tons, fresh weiǵht, in 481/2 million No. 2 cans, is the annual canned pack alone in the United States. The seeds constitute a potential but so far wholly undeveloped source of valuable oil.
Similar content being viewed by others
Bibliography
Afify, A. Cytological studies in the Cucurbitaceae and their evolutionary significance. Jour. Genet.46: 116–124. 1944.
Bailey, L. H. The domesticated cucurbitas —I.Gentes Herbarum2: 63–115. 1929.
-. The garden of gourds.134 pp. 1937.
—. Species ofCucurbita. Gentes Herbarum6: 266–322. 1943.
—. Notulae Cucurbitarum. Jottings in the cucurbitas. Gentes Herbarum7: 449–477. 1948.
Beattie, W.R. Useful and ornamental gourds. U. S. Dept. Agr., Farm. Bul. 1849. 13 pp. 1940.
Bhaduri, P. N., and Bose, P. Cytogenetical investigations in some common cucurbits, with special reference to fragmentation of chromosomes as a physical basis of speciation. Jour. Genet.48: 237–256. 1947.
Bird, J.B. America’s oldest farmers. Nat. Hist.57: 296–303, 334-335. 1948.
Buchinger, A. Die wichtigsten europaischen Kurbisarten. Gartenbauwiss.18: 311–332. 1944.
Bukasov, S. M. The cultivated plants of Mexico, Guatemala, and Colombia. Bul. Appl. Bot., Genet. & Pl. Breed. Suppl.47: 1–553. 1930.
Bushnell, J.W. The fertility and fruiting habit inCucurbita. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.17: 47–51. 1920.
— Isolation of uniform types of Hubbard squash by inbreeding. Proc. Soc. Hort. Sci.19: 139–144. 1922.
Carter, G. F. Plant geography and culture history in the American Southwest. Publ. Anthrop. 140 pp. The Viking Fund, Inc., New York, N. Y. 1945.
— Some archaeologic cucurbit seed from Peru. Acta Amer.3: 163–172. 1945.
Castetter, E. F. Horticultural groups of cucurbits. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.17: 130–131. 1927.
—. Species crosses in the genusCucurbita. Iowa State College Jour. Sci.2: 219–227. 1928.
—. Species crossing in the genusCucurbita. Am. Jour. Bot.17: 41–57. 1930.
—, and Erwin, A. T. A systematic study of squashes and pumpkins. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta., Bul.244: 107–135. 1927.
Contardi, H. G. Estudios geneticos en “Cucurbita”y consideraciones agronomicas. Physis18: 341–347. 1939.
Crow, J. F. Alternative hypotheses of hybrid vigor. Genetics33: 477–487. 1948.
Culpepper, C. W., and Moon, H. H. Differences in the composition of the fruits ofCucurbita varieties at different ages in relation to culinary use. Jour. Agr. Res.71: 111–136. 1945.
Cummings, M. B., and Jenkins, E. W. Pure line studies with ten generations of Hubbard squash. Vermont Agr. Exp. Sta., Bul. 280. 29 pp. 1928.
Curtis, L. C. Heterosis in summer squash(Cucurbita Pepo) and the possibilities of producingF1 hybrid seed for commercial planting. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.37: 827–828. 1939.
— Comparative earliness and productiveness of first and second generation squash(Cucurbita Pepo) and the possibilities of using the second generation seed for commercial planting. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.38: 596–698. 1941.
— The possibilities of using species of perennial cucurbits as source of vegetable fats and protein. Chemurgic Digest5: 221–224. 1946.
Doty, D. M.et al. Composition of pumpkin and squash varieties as related to the consistency of the canned product. Ind. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bul.402. 28 pp. 1935.
Eftimiu-Heim, P. Micronucleole et caryocinese chez les Cucurbitacees. I. Le micronucleole. II. Nucleole et chromosomes. Botaniste28: 55–83. 1937.
Erwin, A. T. Nativity of the cucurbits. Bot. Gaz.91: 105–108. 1931.
—, and Haber, E. W. Species and varietal crosses in cucurbits. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta., Bul.263: 344–372. 1929.
Haber, E. S. Inbreeding the Table Queen (Des Moines) squash. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.25: 111–114. 1929.
Harris, W. T., and Allen, F. S.In Webster’s new international dictionary of the English language. 1931.
Haury, E. W. Painted Cave, Northeastern Arizona. No. 3. Amerind Foundation, Inc., Dragoon, Ariz.87 pp. 1945.
Hutchins, A.E., and Croston, F. E. Productivity ofF1 hybrids in the squash,Cucurbita maxima. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.39: 332–336. 1941.
Hutchins, A. E., and Sando, L. Gourds, uses, culture, identification. Minn. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bul. 356. 35 pp. 1941.
Li, H. W. Cyto-genetical studies of the cross between the squash(Cucurbita maxima Duch.) and pumpkin(C. Pepo L.). Agr. Sinica1: 151–174. 1935.
MacGillivray, J. H.et al. Fitamin, protein, calcium, iron, and calorie yield of vegetables per acre and per acre manhour. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.41: 293–297. 1942.
-et al. Food values on a pound, acre, and man-hour basis for California processed vegetables. Cal. Agr. Exp. Sta.15 pp. 1943. [Litho.]
-et al. Food values on a pound, acre, and man-hour basis for California fresh vegetables. Cal. Agr. Exp. Sta.24 pp. 1943. [Litho.]
-etal. Labor and material requirements of California vegetables. Cal. Agr. Exp. Sta.15 pp. 1943. [Litho.]
Millán, R. Los zapallitos de tronco sudamerica extratropical. Darwiniana7: 333–345. 1947.
Naudin, C. Nouvelles recherches sur les caractères spécifiques et les varietés des plantes du genreCucurbita. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV Bot.6: 5–73. 1856.
Pangalo, K. I. An attempt of studying pumpkins as oil plants. Bul. Appl. Bot., Genet., & Pl. Breed.23: 267–274. 1930. [Russian with English summary.]
—. A new species of cultivated pumpkins. Bul. Appl. Bot., Genet., & Pl. Breed.23: 253–265. 1930. [Russian with English summary.]
Passmore, S. F. Hybrid vigour in reciprocal crosses inCucurbita pepo. Ann. Bot.48: 1029–1030. 1934.
Phillips, T. G. Changes in the composition of squash during storage. Pl. Physiol.21: 533–541. 1946.
Reis, W., and Steubel, A. The Necropolis of Ancon in Peru. (3 vols., Berlin.) Vol.3, plates82 and107, with text by L. Wittmack. 1880-1887.
Rüttle, M. L. Chromosome number in the genusCucurbita. N. Y. Ag. Exp. Sta., Tech. Bui.186. 12 pp. 1931.
Shifriss, O. Developmental reversal of dominance inCucurbita pepo. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.50: 330–346. 1947.
Sinnott, E. W., and Dunn, L. C. Principles of genetics. 441 pp. 1932.
Sisa, M. The growth of pollen-tubes in interspecific cross of cucurbits. Japan. Jour. Genet.11: 99–101. 1935. [Japanese.]
Smith, C. H. Twelve years’ work on the selection of the Delicious squash. Minn. Hort.49: 81–82. 1921.
Tapley, W. T.et al. The cucurbits. The vegetables of New York. Vol.1. 1937.
Thompson, R. C. Production of pumpkins and squashes. U. S. Dept. Agr., Leaf. 141. 8 pp. 1937.
Van Eseltine, G. P.Cucurbita hybrids. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.34: 577–581. 1937.
Vestal, P. A.Cucurbita moschata found in pre-Columbian mounds in Guatemala. Harvard Univ., Bot. Mus., Leaf.6: 65–69. 1938.
Whitaker, T. W. Chromosome numbers in cultivated cucurbits. Am. Jour. Bot.17: 1033–1040. 1930.
— Sex ratio and sex expression in the cultivated cucurbits. Am. Jour. Bot.18: 359–366. 1931.
— Fertile gourd-pumpkin hybrids. Jour. Hered.23: 427–430. 1932.
— Cytological and phylogenetic studies in the Cucurbitaceas. Bot, Gaz.94: 780–790. 1933.
—. American origin of the cultivated cucurbits. I. Evidence from the herbais. II. Survey of old and recent botanical evidence. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard.34: 101–111. 1947.
-, and Bird, J. B. Identification and significance of the cucurbit materials from Huaca Prieta, Peru. Am. Mus., Nov., No. 1426. 15 pp. 1949.
—, and Carter G. F. Notes on the origin and domestication of the cultivated species ofCucurbita. Am. Jour. Bot.33: 10–15. 1946.
Whitaker, T. W., and Jagger, I. C. Breeding and improvement of cucurbits.U. S. Dept. Agr., Yearbook 1937: 207–232. 1937.
Yeager, A. F., and Latzke, E. Buttercup squash. Its origin and use. N. D. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bui. 258. 19 pp. 1932.
-,et al. The storage of Hubbard squash. N. H. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bui. 356. 15 pp. 1945.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The opportunity is taken here to express our thanks to the several investigators who have aided by personal discussions in formulating the opinions contained herein, especially to Professor Carl O. Sauer of the University of California for helpful suggestions and encouragement and for collections ofCucurbita native in Mexico and elsewhere; and to Mr. Grady A. Sanderson, scientific aide, who furnished the photographs for the illustrations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Whitaker, T.W., Bohn, G.W. The taxonomy, genetics, production and uses of the cultivated species ofCucurbita . Econ Bot 4, 52–81 (1950). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02859240
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02859240