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Solanum commersonii cytoplasm does not improve freezing tolerance in substitution backcross hybrids with frost-sensitive potato species

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Abstract

Solanum commersonii Dun. (cmm) is the most frost hardy wild potato species known, being able to tolerate an acute freezing episode to about -5 C and further acclimate to tolerate −10 C after being exposed to chilling temperatures for several days. Breeding with this species to incorporate its frost-hardiness traits can be accomplished by standard sexual hybridization or protoplast fusion. These methods can result in hybrids that vary in contribution of the cmm plastome. To test the effect of cmm cytoplasm, cytoplasmic substitution backcross hybrids were made with three very frost-sensitive species,S. brachistotrichum, S. cardiophyllum, andS. pinnatisectum, by usingS. commersonii as the female to make an F1, then performing repeated backcross (BC) using the sensitive species as males. Relative freezing tolerance (RFT) of all genotypes was assessed by measurement of ion leakage of excised terminal leaflets subjected to a controlled ice nucleation and simulated freeze-thaw stress. Even against the background of these very sensitive species’ genomes, the cmm cytoplasm of substitution hybrids promoted insignificant improvement in frost hardiness or ability to acclimate. We conclude that either (1) cmm cytoplasm does not contribute to frost hardiness, or (2) if cmm cytoplasmic frost hardiness genes do exist, they must be epistatic to (depend on the presence of) nuclear hardiness genes for expression.

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Abbreviations

AGRICOLA:

Agricultural Online Access database (from the U.S. National Agricultural Library containing references and abstracts of agricultural and related sciences [1970-])

BC:

backcross

cmm:

S. commersonii

bst:

S. brachistrichum

cph:

S. cardiophyllum

pnt:

S. pinnatisectum

RFT:

relative freezing tolerance—an in vitro controlled incremental freezing assay for which the RFT is the temperature below 0 C that corresponds to the midpoint between observed minimum and maximum ion leakage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Inter-Regional Potato Introduction Station, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, 4312 Hwy. 42, 54235, Sturgeon Bay, WI, USA

    J. B. Bamberg

  2. Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, 53706, Madison, WI, USA

    J. P. Palta & S. E. Vega

Authors
  1. J. B. Bamberg
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  2. J. P. Palta
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  3. S. E. Vega
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Correspondence to J. B. Bamberg.

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Bamberg, J.B., Palta, J.P. & Vega, S.E. Solanum commersonii cytoplasm does not improve freezing tolerance in substitution backcross hybrids with frost-sensitive potato species. Am. J. Pot Res 82, 251–254 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853591

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853591

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