Abstract
The data on the immune and autoimmune disturbances in certain brain diseases such as brain tumors, remote consequences of craniocerebral injury, epilepsy, and postradiation encephalopathy are presented. Various changes in cellular and humoral immunity are established. The development of autoimmune reactions to brain antigens is analyzed in comparison with the level of immune complexes. The results are discussed in the context of disruption of the immune system neurohumoral regulation and development of neurogenic immunity deficiency and its different types. The specific function of the immunocompetent cells, which penetrated beyond the blood-brain barrier under physiological and immunopathological conditions of the CNS, and the apoptotic death of the lymphocytes were suggested. Attention was drawn to the importance of the investigation of systemic, as well as regional, immune processes outside the blood-brain barrier.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kryzhanovskii, G.N. and Magaeva, S.V., Neuroimmune Processes and the Mechanism of Demyelination Pathology of the CNS, inItogi Nauki Tekh., Ser: Neiroimmunolog.: Mol. Klin. Aspekty, Moscow: VINITI, 1990, vol. 25, p. 121.
Krizhanovskii, G.N., Magaeva, S.V., and Makarov, S.D.,Neiroimmunologiya (Neuroimmunology), Moscow, 1997, p. 282.
Fabry, X., Raine, C.S., and Hart, M.N., Nervous Tissue as an Immune Compartment: The Dialect of the Immune Response in the CNS,Immunology Today, 1994, vol. 15, p. 218.
Balasingam, V., Tejada-Berges, T., Wright, E.,et al., Reactive Astrogliosis in the Neonatal Mouse Brain and Its Modulation by Cytokines,Neuroscience, 1994, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 846.
Balasi, L., Presta, M., Ennas, M.G.,et al., Differential Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors by Human Neurons, Astrocytes, and Microglia,Neuro-Report, 1994, no. 6, p. 197.
Kanney, Y., Bienemstork, J., Ohta, M.,et al., Nerve Growth Factor and Cytokines Mediate Lymphoid Tissue-induced Neurite Outgrowth from Mouse Superior Cervical Gangliain vitro, Immunology, 1996, vol. 156, no. 1, p. 313.
Friemel’, G.,Immunologicheskie metody (Immunological Methods), Moscow: Meditsina, 1987, p. 254.
Khorobrykh, V.V., Proshin, A.V., Kirkin, A.F.,et al., The Micromodification Methods of Performing the Blast-Transformation Reaction,Immunologiya, 1983, no. 3, p. 76.
Gordienko, S.M., Comparative Evaluation of the Results of the Nitroblue Tetrazolium Reduction Test in Microscopic and Spectrophotometric Variations of the Method with Different Tetrazolium Salts,Lab. Delo, 1983, no. 2, p. 21.
Voller, A., Bidwell, D.E., and Bartlett, A., Enzyme Immunoassays in Diagnostic Medicine: Theory and Practice,Bull. World Health Organ., 1976, vol. 53, p. 55.
Lisyanyi, N.I., Cheren’ko, T.M., Komissarenko, S.V., and Berezhnoi, G.A., The Content of Neurospecific Autoantigens in the Blood of Patients with Craniocerebral Injury,Immunologiya, 1991, no. 4, p. 60.
Zaretskaya, Yu.M.,Klinicheskaya immunogenetika (Clinical Immunogenetics), Moscow: Meditsina, 1983.
Sandov, M. Z. and Pinegin, B.P., Spectrophotometry of Myeloperoxidase Activity in Phagocytes,Lab. Delo, 1991, no. 3, p. 56.
Lisyanyi, N.I., Romodanov, A.P., Oleinik, G.M., and Markova, O.V., The Influence of the Brain Cell Suspension of Differently Aged Mice on the Growth of Tumors Transplanted under the Capsule,Byull. Exp. Biol. Med., 1993, no. 2, p. 195.
Vel’bri, S.K., Lilleorg, A.A., and Lindstrem, S.L., Simultaneous Estimation of the Level of Immune Complexes and Immunoglobulins for Characterization of a Pathological Process,Lab. Delo, 1988, no. 5, p. 7.
Osipov, S.G., Bakhov, N.I., and Titov, V.N., Laser Nephelometry Detection of Immune Complexes in Blood Serum,Lab. Delo, 1986, no. 6, p. 349.
Zozulya, Yu.A., Lisyanyi, N.I., Gnedkova, I.A.,et al., Immunoprotective Function of the Brain Nervous Cells and Its Clinical Implications, inNeiroimmunologiya. Neiroinfektsii. Neiroimidzh (Neuroimmunology Neuroinfections. Neuroimage), St. Petersburg: Meditsina, 1995, p. 40.
Zozulya, Yu.P. and Lisyanyi, M.I., Clinical Implications of Neuroimmune Disturbances in Neurosurgical Pathology,Zh. Akad. Med. Nauk, 1996, vol. 2, no 4, p. 592.
Semenov, S.F., Nazarov, K.N., and Chuprikov, A.P.,Autoimmunnye protsessy pri vrozhdennykh entsefalopatiyakh, epilepsii i shizofrenii (Autoimmune Processes in Congenital Encephalopathy, Epilepsy, and Schizophrenia), Moscow: Meditsina, 1972.
Gevarzieva, V.V., Kozlov, V.S., Sveranovskaya, R.V.,et al., Study of the Humoral Immune Response to the Main Myelin Protein in Experimental Allergic Encephalopathy,Immunologiya (Moscow), 1991, no. 1, p. 24.
Abbott, N., Permeability and Transport of Glial-Blood-Brain Barriers inGlial-Neuronal Interaction, Ann. of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1991, vol. 633. p. 378.
Hart, M.N., Fabry, Z., Waldschmidi, M.,et al., Lymphocyte Integrating Adhesion Molecules on Brain Microvascular Cells.Mol. Immunol., 1990, vol. 27, no. 12, p. 1355.
Notlet, H.S., Jell, H., Franagan, C.,et al., Regulatory Role for Astrocytes in HIV-1 Encephalitis.J. Immunol., 1995, vol. 154, no. 7, p. 3567.
Rosenman, S.J., Shrikant, P., Dubbl, L.,et al., Cytokineinduced Expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by Astrocytes and Astrocytoma Cell-Lines.J. Immunol., 1995, vol. 154, no. 4, p. 1888.
Melcangi, P.C., Celotti, E., Ballabia, M.,et al., 5-α-reductase Activity in Isolated and Cultured Neuronal and Glial Cells of the Rat,Brain Res., 1990, vol. 31, no. 10, p. 229.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lisyanyi, N.I., Rudenko, V.A., Markova, O.V. et al. Systemic and regional neuroimmune processes in focal CNS lesions. Hum Physiol 26, 79–85 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02760722
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02760722