Abstract
Various species of actinomycetes and cyanobacteria can impart earthy/musty off-flavours to drinking water supplies and to pond-raised fish and other aquatic food animals. The genetic determinants for production of the most common off-flavour compounds [geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB)] have not been extensively studied. An attempt has been rrlade to study the genetics of production of these compounds was demonstrated by DNA-curing analysis. The effects of two curing agents [ethidium bromide (EB) and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG)] on tha loss of linear plasmid DNA and generation of bald mutants (no aerial mycelia) inStreptomyces halstedii andStereptomyces violaceusniger which produce geosmin and MIB, respectively, were observed. Production of earthy/musty odour was not eliminated, but was reduced by 55–95% in the plasmid cured strain. Data suggested that off-flavour production is likely chromosomally-encoded in theseStreptomyces isolates.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bentley R and Meganathan R 1981 Geosmin and methylisoborneol biosynthesis in streptomycetes;FEBS Lett. 125 220–222
Bu’lock J D 1961 Intermediary metabolism and antibiotic synthesis;Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 3 293–342
Chardon-Loriax I, Charpentier M and Percherson F 1986 Isolation and characterization of a linear plasmid fromStreptomyces rimosus;FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 35 151–155
Durham D R 1975Environmental factors affecting the production of geosmin, an earthy-musty odorous metabolite produced by aquatic actinomycetes MS thesis, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
Gerber N N 1979 Volatile substances from actinomycetes: their role in odour pollution of water;Crit. Rev. Microbiol.,7 91–214
Hayakawa T, Kanaka T, Sakaguchi N, Otake N and Yonchara H 1979 A linear plasmid-like DNA inStreptomyces sp. producing lankacidin group antibiotics;J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 25 255–260
Hickey R J and Tresner H D 1952 A cobalt-containing medium for sporulation ofStreptomyces species;J. Bacteriol. 84 891–892
Hirochika H K, Nakamura K and Sakaguchi 1982 Analysis of linear plasmids isolated fromStreptomyces: association of protein with the ends of the plasmid DNA;Plasmid 7 59–65
Hirochika H K, Nakamura K and Sakaguchi 1984 A linear DNA plasmid fromStreptomyces rochei with an inverted terminal repetition of 614 base pairs;EMBO J. 3 761–766
Hopwood D A, Bibb M J, Chater K F, Kieser T, Burton C J, Kieser H M, Lydrate D J, Smith C P, Ward J M and Schrempf H 1985Genetic manipulation of Streptomyces. A laboratory manual (Norwich: The John Innes Foundation)
Hopwood D A, Chater K F, Dowding J E and Vivian A 1973 Advances inStreptomyces coelicolor genetics;Bacteriol. Rev. 37 371–405
Ikeda H, Tanaka H and Omura S 1981 Genetic and biochemical features of spiromycin biosynthesis inStreptomyces ambo-faciens RM 265. J6;J. Antibiot. 35 507–516
Ishibashi Y 1992 Genetic studies into musty odor production by actinomycetes;Water Sci. Tech. 25 171–176
Izaguirre G, Huang C J, Krasner S W and Means EG 1982 Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol from cyanobacteria in three water supply systems;Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,43 708–716
Keen C L, Mendeloritz S, Cohen G, Aharonowitz Y and Roy K L 1988 Isolation and characterization of a linear DNA plasmid fromStreptomyces clavuligereus;Mol. Gen. Genet. 212 172–176
Kinashi H and Shimaji M 1987 Detection of giant linear plasmid in antibiotic producing strains ofStreptomyces by the OFAGE technique;J. Antibiot. 40 913–916
Redshaw P A, Mccann P A, Pentella M A and Pogell B M 1979 Simultaneous loss of multiple differentiation in aerial mycelium-negative isolates ofStreptomyces;J. Bacteriol. 137 891–899
Redshaw P A, Mccann P A, Sankaran L and Pogell B M 1976 Control of differentiation in streptomycetes: Involvement of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid and glucose repression in aerial mycelium development;J. Bacteriol. 125 698–705
Romano A H and Safferman R S 1963 Studies on actinomycetes and their odours;J. AWWA 55 169–176
Saadoun I arid Blevins W T 1997 Detection of giant linear plasmids in off-flavor compound-producing strains ofStrepto-myces by PFGE;Actinomyce:es 8 58–65
Schaeffer P 1969 Sporulation and the production of antibiotics, exoenzymes, and exotoxins;Bacteriol. Rev. 33 48–71
Schrader K K and Blevins W T 1993 Geosmin-producing species ofStreptomyces andLyngbya from aquaculture ponds;Can. J. Microbiol. 39 834–840
Sermonti G, Lanfaloni L and Micheli M R 1980 A jumping gene inStreptomyces coelicolor A3(2);Mol. Gen. Genet. 177 453–458
Tabachek J L and Yorkowski M 1976 Isolation and identification of blue-green algae producing mud dor metabolites, geosmin, and 2-methylisoborneol, in saline lakes in Manitoba;J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 33 25–35
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saadoun, I., Elbetieha, A. & Blevins, W.T. Mutagenesis by ethidium bromide and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in off-flavour compound producing strains ofStreptomyces . J. Biosci. 23, 595–600 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02709170
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02709170