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Osteochondroma of the cervical spine in combination with chronic posttraumatic bisegmental instability

Osteochondrom der Halswirbelsäule in Verbindung mit chronischer, posttraumatischer, zweisegmentiger Instabilität

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Summary

Background: In the case of a 32-year old female patient with multiple hereditary exostosis, diagnosis and treatment of the combination of cervical osteochondroma of the C5 neural arch with additional growth deformation of the C6 arch is presented. Additional bisegmental posttraumatic instability of C4–6 with osteophytes caused an asymmetric 2/3 stenosis of the spinal canal.

Methods: Under slow progression of tetraparetic symptoms, CT and MRI defined the extent of spinal canal stenosis, the points of origin of osteochondroma and osteophytes. Percutaneous diskography documented the posttraumatic damage of the C4–6 intervertebral disks. Wide resection of the C5 arch with the osteochondroma and partial resection of the growth-deformed C6 arch was done in the first phase. 3 weeks later, ventral spondylodesis of unstable segments C4–6 with resection of osteophytes brought immediate relief of neck pain and gradual regression of neurological deficits. The dysesthesias in the right Th4–5 dermatomes ceased after the C4–7 facet blockades.

Results: The 5-year postoperative follow-up revealed no recurrence of osteochondroma in the spinal region.

Conclusions: Surgical treatment in 2 acts with maximum prevention of additional spinal cord compression, and the stabilization of posttraumatic and additional postresection instability is decisive.

Zusammenfassung

Grundlagen: Im Falle einer 32jährigen Patientin mit multipler angeborener Exostose stellen wir Diagnose und Behandlung einer Kombination von Halswirbelsäulenosteochondrom des C5-Nervenbogens mit einer zusätzlichen Wachstumsdeformation des C6-Bogens vor. Die zusätzliche zweisegmentige posttraumatische Instabilität des C4–6 mit Osteophyten verursachte eine asymmetrische 2/3-Verengung des Spinalkanals.

Methodik: Bei langsamer Progredienz tetraparetischer Symptome definierte das CT- und MRI-Verfahren das Ausmaß der Spinalkanalverengung, die Ursprungspunkte von Osteochondrom und Osteophyten. Die perkutane Diskographie stellte eine posttraumatische Schädigung der C4–6-Bandscheiben dar. Eine breite Resektion des C5-Bogens mit dem Osteochondrom und Teilresektion des wachstumsdeformierten C6-Bogens wurde in der ersten Phase durchgeführt. 3 Wochen später brachte eine ventrale Spondylodese der instabilen Segmente C4–6 mit Resektion der Osteophyten eine sofortige Linderung der Nackenschmerzen und allmählich Regression neurologischer Defizite. Die Dysästhesien in den rechten Th4–5-Dermatomen hörten nach den C4–7-Facettenblockaden auf.

Ergebnisse: Während der 5jährigen postoperativen Nachbeobachtungszeit wurde kein Osteochondromrezidiv in der Spinalgegend entdeckt.

Schlußfolgerungen: Die chirurgische Behandlung in 2 Akten mit maximalen Maßnahmen gegen eine zusätzliche Rückenmarkkompression sowie die Stabilisierung der posttraumatischen- und zusätzlichen Postresektionsinstabilität ist ausschlaggebend.

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Vrabl, M. Osteochondroma of the cervical spine in combination with chronic posttraumatic bisegmental instability. Acta Chir Austriaca 29, 160 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02619779

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