Abstract
The results of laboratory studies on the life history, morphology of immature stages, effects of food and water on adult longevity, host age preference for oviposition, parthenogenesis, and adult behavior ofTelenomus solitus Johnson are presented.Telenomus solitus completed its development in 10.8 days (egg, 0.3 day; 1st instar, 2.7 days; 2nd instar, 3.7 days; and pupa, 4.1 days). The adults lived longest when provided with both honey and water. Without food, they survived less than 24 h. Parasitization of host eggs varied significantly with their age, being highest in 42 h old eggs. Fewer than 10% of eggs older than 60 h were parasitized successfully. The periodicity of oviposition was unimodal; it occurred throughout the 24 h period and peaked in the late photophase. Females ofT. solitus are arrhenotokous. The behavioral sequences during courtship, mating, and oviposition are described.
Resúmen
Se presenta estudios en laboratorio sobre la historia del desarrollo, morfología de estadios inmaduros, influencia de alimento y agua sobre la longevidad y el comportamiento de adultos deTelenomus solitus Johnson. El desarrollo se completó en 10.8 dias (huevo, 0.3 días; primer estadio, 2.7 días; segundo estadio, 3.7 días; pupa, 4.1 días). Los adultos vivieron más tiempo cuando recibieron miel y agua. Sin alimento, sobrevivieron menos de 24 h. Parasitización de huevos varió significatívamente con su edad, siendo más alta en huevos de 42 h de edad. Menos de 10% de los huevos que tenían >60 h de edad fueron parasitizados. La periodicidad de oviposición fué unimodal, lo que se occurió durante los 24 h y logró su nivel más alto en la tarde.T. solitus se reproduce por arrhenotoky, y se describe la sucesión de comportamiento durante cortejo, apareando y oviposición.
Résumé
Les résultats obtenus en laboratoire sur la biologie, la morphologie des stades immatures, les effets de la nourriture et de l'eau sur la longévité de l'adulte, le stade hôte préféré pour la ponte, la parthénogenèse et le comportement de l'adulte deTelenomus solitus sont présentés. Le développement complet deTelenomus solitus a lieu en 10,8 jours (œuf: 0,3 jour; 1er stade: 2,7 jours; 2e stade: 3,7 jours et pupe: 4,1 jours). Les adultes vivent le plus longtemps quand ils ont à leur disposition du miel et de l'eau. En l'absence de nourriture, ils survivent moins de 24 h. Le parasitisme des œufs de l'hôte varie significativement avec leur âge; il est le plus fort dans les œufs âgés de 42 h. Moins de 10% des œufs âgés de plus de 60 h ont été parasités avec succès. La périodicité de la ponte est unimodale; elle a lieu au cours de la période de 24 h et elle atteint son sommet à la fin de la photophase. Les femelles deT. solitus sont arrhénotoques. Les séquences comportementales relatives à l'accouplement et à la ponte sont décrites.
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Navasero, R.C., Oatman, E.R. Life history, immature morphology and adult behavior ofTelenomus solitus [Hymenoptera: Scelionidae]. Entomophaga 34, 165–177 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372665
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372665