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Therapy for inflammatory breast cancer: Impact of doxorubicin-based therapy

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Abstract

Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) carries an ominous prognosis. Before 1988, women with IBC at our institution were treated with neoadjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) with or without vincristine and prednisone (CMF/VP). After 1988, women with IBC were treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil (FAC). This study compares these two regimens with regard to response and survival.

Methods: The records of all women presenting between January 1973 and December 1991 with a stage IIIB (T4d, any N, MO) breast cancer with proven dermal lymphatic invasion by tumor cells were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The study comprised 38 women; 28 received CMF (22 CMF, 6 CMF/VP), and 10 received FAC. The overall response rate to induction chemotherapy in the CMF/VP group was 57% (40% PR, 17% CR), and 100% (60% PR, 40% CR) in the FAC group. The median overall survival for women receiving CMF/VP was 18 months compared with 30 months for women receiving FAC (p=0.02). The median disease-free survivals for the CMF/VP and FAC groups were 6 and 24 months, respectively (p<0.001). When comparing responders and nonresponders with CMF/VP induction therapy, the responders had a significantly longer overall median survival (24 versus 10 months) (p<0.001) and disease-free median survival (8 versus 2 months) (p<0.001). All of the five patients remaining alive received FAC with 80% (four of five) having a complete response. These four patients subsequently underwent mastectomy and radiation.

Conclusion: This study suggests that a doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimen improves overall and disease-free median survivals when compared with the previously used CMF combination in the treatment of IBC. A favorable response to induction chemotherapy also appeared to be associated with an improved survival.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Instute, Buffalo, New York, USA

    Ronald L. Bauer MD, Erna Busch MD &  Stephen B. Edge MD

  2. the Department of Medical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA

    Ellis Levine MD

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  1. Ronald L. Bauer MD
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  2. Erna Busch MD
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  3. Ellis Levine MD
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  4. Stephen B. Edge MD
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Bauer, R.L., Busch, E., Levine, E. et al. Therapy for inflammatory breast cancer: Impact of doxorubicin-based therapy. Annals of Surgical Oncology 2, 288–294 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02307059

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02307059

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