Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Integrated systems I: Design principles

  • Published:
Journal of Systems Integration

Abstract

The following design principles are being used in an ongoing project to realize an integrated family of rule based systems that can be easily used separately or together in different combinations to solve problems common to many different disciplines. Some essential features of this family are:

  1. (1)

    Individual members can be used in the normal way as user-friendly rule based systems or they can be transparently invoked by other user-friendly rule based systems without interrogating users.

  2. (2)

    The knowledge (or rule) bases of key members do not mimic the perceived mode of human thought; therefore, they can predict events that cannot be predicted by the state-of-the-art alone.

  3. (3)

    The Law of Conservation of Mass/Energy is used to detect and correct computational errors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. P. A. D. de Maine and M. M. de Maine, “Computer aids for chemists.”Anal. Chim. Acta 235, pp. 7–26, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. P. A. D. de Maine, “Design principles for discipline independent rule based systems”.Foundations of Computing & Decision Sciences 19, pp. 115–125, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  3. D. B. Brown, K. D. Haga and O. Weyrich, “QUEST—Query utility environment for software testing”.International Test and Evaluation Association 1986 Symposium Proceedings, pp. 38–43, 1986.

  4. Z. S. Hippe, “Artificial intelligence in chemistry: Present status and future goals,” in:Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Comp. in Chem. Research and Education, Eds. Josef Brandt and Ivar K. Ugi, Dr. Alfred Huthig Verlag GmbH. Heidelberg, West Germany, 1989, pp. 165–178.

    Google Scholar 

  5. P. A. D. de Maine, B. C. Cartee, M. S. Wojtyna, and M. M. Maine, “A computer tool kit for chemists I. Design considerations for interfaces.”J. Chem. Inf. & Comp. Sci. 30, pp. 155–159, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  6. P. A. D. de Maine and K. G. Price, “Integrated systems II. Multi-tier interfaces for integrating families of systems”.J. of Systems Integration 5, pp. 201–217, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  7. K. D. Bradley and P. A. D. de Maine, “Design and applications of discipline independent rule based systems”, inProceedings 2nd. Expert Systems World Congress, Lisbon, Portugal, 1994. Published on CD-ROM.

  8. P. A. D. de Maine and K. D. Bradley, “Development and application of a family of general expert systems”, Report No. 18 of the Series:Automatic Systems for the Physical Sciences, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-40 pages, August, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  9. G. Salton,Automatic Text Processing, the Transformation, Analysis, and Retrieval of Information by Computer. Addison-Wesley: Reading, MA, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  10. G. Salton and M. J. McGill,Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval. McGraw-Hill, Inc.: New York, 1983, pp. 118–145.

    Google Scholar 

  11. D. J. Hillman, “Mathematical theories of relevance with respect to the problems of indexing,” Report No. 2: “An algorithm for document characterization.” Report to the National Science Foundation on Grant No. GN-177, March 12, 1965.

  12. D. J. Hillman, “Document retrieval theory, relevance, and the methodology of evaluation”. Report No. 1: “Characterization and connectivity.” Report to the National Science Foundation on Grant No. GN-451, May 24, 1966.

  13. R. H. Belev,Knowledge Representation for Decision Support Systems. North-Holland Publishing Company: Amsterdam, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  14. R. I. Levine, D. E. Drang, and B. Edelson, “A comprehensive guide to AI and expert systems”. McGraw-Hill College Book Division: New York, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  15. P. A. D. de Maine and M. M. de Maine, “Automatic deductive systems I. Chemical reaction models”.Comp. and Chem. 11, pp. 49–65, 1987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Borko and M. Bernick,J. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 10, p. 151, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. H. Williams,Proc. Fall Joint Comput. Conf., p. 161, 1963.

  18. P. A. D. de Maine and M. M. de Maine, “Automatic detection and correction of computational errors in programs”.J. of Applied Mathematics & Computer Science 4, pp. 101–120, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  19. P. A. D. de Maine and M. M. de Maine, “A computer tool kit for chemists III. Error detection and corrective action procedure.”Comp. & Chem. 16, pp. 53–60, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  20. P. A. D. de Maine and M. M. de Maine, “A computer tool kit for chemists II. Maximum tolerance procedure”.Anal. Chim. Acta 256, pp. 361–368, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  21. P. A. D. de Maine and M. M. de Maine, “Procedures for detecting and correcting computational errors”.. Report No. 17 of the Series: Automatic Systems for the Physical Sciences, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, 45 pages, July 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  22. D. Bell and J. Grimson,Distributed Database Systems. Addison-Wesley, 1992.

  23. J. van den Burg, “Telecommunications-related information services,” inProceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Information Technology and the Computer Network, Bonas, France, August 21–September 2, 1983.

  24. P. A. D. de Maine, K. D. Bradley, and S. M. Jodis, “SOLID: A high-speed logical data independent management system with bounded search times.”Online & CD ROM Review 17, 1, pp. 1–8, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  25. P. A. D. de Maine, “HSGIMS—A high-speed tool with bound search times for transparently managing and manipulating information.”Proceedings of CIKM-93, pp. 216–222, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  26. K. D. Bradley and P. A. D. de Maine, “High-speed general independent management system (HSGIMS)”.Proceedings of DATABASE'94, pp. 379–391, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  27. P. A. D. de Maine, S. Leong, and C. G. Davis, “A transportable programming language (TPL) system I. Overview”.Int. J. Comp. and Inf. Sci. 14, pp. 161–182, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  28. S. Leong, S. M. Jodis, K. Sullivan, O. Jiang, and P. A. D. de Maine, “A transportable programming language (TPL) system II. The bifunctional compiler system”.I.E.E.E. Trans. on Software Engineering 16(6), pp. 639–646, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. R. C. Gonzalez and R. Safabakhsh, “Computer vision techniques for industrial applications and robot control”.I.E.E.E. Computer, pp. 15–17, 1982.

  30. C. S. G. Lee, R. C. Gonzalez, and K. S. Fu, “Tutorial on ROBOTICS”, 2nd edition, inI.E.E.E. Computer. Society Press: Washington DC, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  31. R. C. Gonzalez and P. Wintz,Digital Image Processing 2nd edition. Addison-Wesley Book Express, 1987.

  32. K. S. Fu, C. S. G. Lee, and R. C. Gonzalez,Robotics, Control, Sensing, Vision, & Intelligence. McGraw Hill, 1987.

  33. T. Y. Young and K. S. Fu, eds.,Handbook of Pattern Recognition and Image Processing. Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  34. K. Fukunaga,Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition. Academic Press Inc., 1990.

  35. P. A. D. de Maine, P. A-B. Ng, and M. M. de Maine, “Perception and identification of entities in different environments”. Report No. 11 of the Series: Automatic Systems for the Physical Sciences, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, 35 pages, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  36. J. A. Craig, S. C. Berezner, H. C. Carney, and C. T. Longyear, “Deacon: Direct English access and control.”Proc. Fall Joint Computer Conference, pp. 365–380, 1966.

  37. D. J. Hillman and A. J. Kasarda, “The LEADER retrieval system”.AFIPS Proceedings 34, pp. 447–455, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  38. G. Salton, Ed.,The SMART Retrieval System: Experiments in Automatic Document Processing. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  39. R. Rosen,Anticipatory Systems. Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  40. J. H. Andreae,Thinking With the Teachable Machine. Academic Press: New York, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  41. R. Rosen, “Some epistemological issues in physics and biology,” p. 322 inQuantum Implications B. J. Hiley and F. D. Peat, Eds., Routledge & Kegan Paul: New York, 1987, p. 322.

    Google Scholar 

  42. G. M. Edleman,Neural Darwinism. Basic Books: New York, 1987, pp. 256–69.

    Google Scholar 

  43. K. C. O'Kane, “A language for implementing information retrieval software”.Online & CD ROM Review 16, pp. 127–137, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  44. K. Boe, S. Dannelly, and J. McCreary, “TROLLIUS—A transputer operating system”. Final Report. Computer Science and Engineering Dept., 106 Dunstan Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849.

  45. TRANSPUTER HANDBOOK—Multiprocessing Made Simple, INMOS Division of SGS, Thompson Microelectronics, October, 1989.

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. K. D. Bradley

    Present address: Nichols Research Corporation, 35815-1502, Huntsville, AL

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Auburn University, 108 Dunstan Hall, 36849, AL

    P. A. D. de Maine

  2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Auburn University, 108 Dunstan Hall, 36849, AL

    K. D. Bradley

  3. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Auburn University, 108 Dunstan Hall, 36849, AL

    W. H. Carlisle

  4. The Oak Ridge National Laboratories, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN

    W. B. Dress

Authors
  1. P. A. D. de Maine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. D. Bradley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. W. H. Carlisle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. W. B. Dress
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

de Maine, P.A.D., Bradley, K.D., Carlisle, W.H. et al. Integrated systems I: Design principles. Journal of Systems Integration 5, 187–199 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01974948

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01974948

Keywords

Search

Navigation