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Complex concentric granitoid intrusions in the coastal mobile belt, Espírito Santo, Brazil: The Santa Angélica Pluton — an example

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Zusammenfassung

Der Brasilianische Küstenfaltengürtel im südlichen Espírito Santo beinhaltet archaische bis oberproterozoische Einheiten, die durch tektono-thermale Ereignisse des Archaikums und Proterozoikums in hochdeformierte Gneise und Migmatite umgewandelt wurden.

Dem Brasiliano-Ereignis (680–450 Ma) werden mehrere tektonische Phasen unter amphibolitfaziellen Metamorphosebedingungen zugeordnet.

Gegen Ende des Brasiliano-Zyklus' erfolgte der diapirische Aufstieg basisch/intermediärer bis saurer Magmen in tiefere Krustenstockwerke unter Bildung konkordanter Plutone.

Für den Santa Angélica Pluton wird ein Intrusionsmodell vorgestellt: Basisches Magma aus dem Mantel, das als Fraktionierungsprodukt eines Alkalioder Transitionalbasaltes angesehen wird, induziert anatektische Granitschmelzen in der Unterkruste. Intensive mechanische Durchmischung während des Aufstieges infolge »buoyant« und/oder »forced convection« führt zur Bildung eines weiten Spektrums von Hybridgesteinen. Die darin beobachteten Strukturen sind auf »Flüssig-Fest«- und »Flüssig-Flüssig«-Reaktionen zwischen den beiden verschiedenen Magmen zurückzuführen. Es sind die verschiedensten Stadien der mechanischen Durchmischung und Homogenisierung erhalten. Auf diese Weise ist die Magmenmischung heute in »eingefrorenem« Zustand erhalten.

Abstract

The Brazilian Coastal Mobile Belt in southern Espírito Santo consists of Archean to Upper Proterozoic units which have been metamorphosed and deformed to a gneiss, migmatite and granulite-facies rock assemblage during Archean and Proterozoic tectono-thermal events.

Several tectonic phases and an amphibolite-facies metamorphism are attributed to the Brasiliano-Event (680-450 Ma).

Towards the end of the Brasiliano-Cycle diapirically ascending basic to intermediate and acid magmas intruded the lower crust, forming numerous concordant plutons.

A model is presented for the Santa Angélica intrusion: A mantle derived basic magma, probably a fractionated alkali or transitional basalt, intruded the lower crust and induced anatectic melting and production of granitic melts. Intensive mechanical mixing of basic and granitic magma during ascent through buoyant and/or forced convection led to a wide variety of hybrid rocks. The structures suggest liquid-solid and liquid-liquid, or mushy-mushy interaction of the contrasting magmas. Different stages of mechanical mixing and homogenization are preserved, now representing »frozen-in« magma mixing features.

Resumen

El cinturon orogénico costero brasilero en el sur del estado de Espírito Santo contiene unidades arcaicas hasta proterozoicas superiores, las cuales fueron transformados en gneises, migmatitas y rocas de la facies granulita y altamente deformadas por eventos téctono-termales del Arcaico y Proterozoico.

Al Evento Brasiliano (680-450 Ma) se le atribuyen varias fases tectónicas bajo condiciones de metamorfismo de facies de anfibolita.

Hacia el final del Ciclo Brasiliano se efectuó la ascensión diapírica de magmas básicos/intermedios a ácidos bajo la formación de varios plutones concordantes en profundos niveles de la corteza.

Se presenta un modelo de intrusión para el plutón de Santa Angélica: Magma básico proveniente del manto induce magma granítico anatéctico en la corteza inferior. El magma básico es considerado un producto de cristallisación fraccionada de un basalto alcalino o transicional. La intensiva mezcla mecánica durante la ascensión a consecuencia de »buoyant« y/o »forced convection« condujo a la formación de rocas híbridas en su mas amplo espectro. Las estructuras observadas en estas rocas se deben a reacciones líquidosólido, líquido-líquido y »mushy-mushy« entre ambos magmas.

Los mas diversos estadios de la mezcla mecánica y de la homogeneisación fueron conservados.

Actualmente se encuentra el »magma-mixing« en un estadio de »congelamiento«.

кРАткОЕ сОДЕРжАНИЕ

В пРИБРЕжНОМ склАДЧА тОМ пОьсЕ БРАжИлИИ Уж НЕЕ Espirito Santo жАлЕгАУт АРхЕИскИ Е ДО ВЕРхНЕпРОтЕРОжО ИскИх пОРОДы, пРЕОБРАжОВАВ шИЕсь ВО ВРЕМь тЕктОНО-тЕРМИЧЕскИх пРОцЕссОВ АРхЕь И пРО тЕРОжОь В гНЕИсы И МИгМАтИты Вы сшЕИ стЕпЕНИ МЕтАМОР ФИжМА.

ЁпОхА Brasiliano (680−450 Ma лЕт тОМУ НАжАД) Ох ВАтыВАЕт НЕскОлькО тЕктОНИЧЕ скИх ФАж И МЕтАМОРФИж М ДО ФАцИИ АМФИБОлИтОВ.

В кОНцЕ ЁтОгО цИклА ИМ ЕлО МЕстО ОБРАжОВАНИ Е ДИАпИРОВ БАжИЧЕскО-сРЕДНЕгО Д О кИслОгО сОстАВА пОР ОД В НИжНЕМ ОтДЕлЕ кОРы, Ч тО пРИВЕлО к пОьВлЕНИ У плУтОНОВ, жАлЕгАУЩИх сОглАсНО.

Дль плУтОНА Santa Angelica пРЕДст АВлЕНА слЕДУУЩАь МОДЕль: БАжИЧЕскАь МА гМА МАНтИИ, кОтОРУУ РАссМАтРИВАУт кАк пР ОДУкт ФРАкцИОНИРОВА НИь ЩЕлОЧНых И тРАНжИцИО НАльНых БАжАльтОВ, Вы жыВАлА В НИжНЕИ кОРЕ пОьВлЕН ИЕ АНАктЕтИЧЕскИх гР АНИтОВ; ИНтЕНсИВНОЕ МЕхАНИЧ ЕскОЕ пЕРЕМЕшИВАНИЕ ВО ВРЕМь пОДЩЕМА В РЕжУл ьтАтЕ «плОВУЧЕИ» (buoyant) И/ ИлИ «УсИлЕННОИ кОНВЕ кцИИ» (forced convection) пРИВЕлО к ОБРАжОВАНИУ цЕлОгО спЕктРА гИБРИДНых пО РОД. НАБлУДАЕМыЕ стРУктУ Ры ОтНОсьт жА сЧЕт РЕА кцИИ «жИДкОсть — тВЕРДОЕ т ЕлО» И «жИДкОсть — жИД кОсть» МЕжДУ ОБЕИМИ МАгМАМИ, ЧтО пРОВОДИлО к РАжлИ ЧИьМ В стЕпЕНИ пЕРЕМЕшИВА НИь И гЕМОгЕНИжАцИИ. МАгМы тАкОгО сОстАВА НАБлУДАУт сЕгОДНь В « жАстыВшЕМ сОстОьНИИ».

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  1. P. Bayer,  R. Schmidt-Thomé,  K. Weber-Diefenbach &  H. A. Horn

    Present address: Institut für Allgemeine und Angewandte Geologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Luisenstra\e 37, 8000, München 2, Fed. Rep. of Germany

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    Bayer, P., Schmidt-Thomé, R., Weber-Diefenbach, K. et al. Complex concentric granitoid intrusions in the coastal mobile belt, Espírito Santo, Brazil: The Santa Angélica Pluton — an example. Geol Rundsch 76, 357–371 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01821080

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