Abstract
The behaviour of two types of drag reducing surfactant solutions was studied in turbulent flows in pipes of different diameters. Our surfactant systems contained rod-like micelles; they consisted of equimolar mixtures ofn-tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide,n-hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and sodium salicylate. The structure of the turbulence was studied using a laser-Doppler anemometer in a 50 mm pipe. In the turbulent flow regime both surfactant solutions exhibited characteristic flow regimes. These flow regimes can be influenced by changing the amount of excess salt, the surfactant concentration, or the temperature. Shear viscosity measurements in laminar pipe and Couette flows show the occurrence of the so-called shear-induced state, where the viscosity increases and the surfactant solution becomes viscoelastic. The shape of the turbulent velocity profile depends on the flow regime. In the turbulent flow regime at low Reynolds numbers, velocity profiles similar to those observed for dilute polymer solutions are found, whereas at maximum drag reduction conditions more “S-shaped” profiles that show deviations from a logarithmic profile occur. An attempt is made to explain the drag reduction by rod-like micelles by combining the results of the rheological and the turbulence structure measurements.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mysels KJ (1949) US Patent 2 492 173
Shenoy AV (1984) Colloid Polym Sci 262:319
Sellin RHJ, Hoyt JW, Pollert J, Scriverner O (1982) J Hydraulic Res 20:235
Motier JF, Prilutski DJ (1984) Third Intern Conf on Drag Reduction, Bristol, UK, paper F2
Sellin RHJ (1984) Third Intern Conf on Drag Reduction, Bristol, UK, paper I3
Zakin JL, Lui HL (1983) Chem Eng Commun 23:77
Ohlendorf D, Interthal W, Hoffmann H (1986) Rheol Acta 25:468
Myska J, Slanec K (1980) Acta Polytechnica 11:57
Ohlendorf D, Interthal W, Hoffmann H (1984) IX Intern Congr on Rheology, Mexico, 2:41, Elsevier Sci Publ, Amsterdam
Savins JG (1967) Rheol Acta 6:323
Elson TP, Garside J (1983) J Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech 12:121
Wells CS (1969) In: White A (ed) Viscous Drag Reduction. Plenum Press, New York, 297
Bewersdorff HW, Ohlendorf D (1985) Proc Fifth Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows, Ithaca, New York 9:41
Zakin JL, Chiang JL (1974) Intern Conf on Drag Reduction, Cambridge, UK, paper D1
Zakin JL, Poreh M, Brosh A, Warshavsky M (1971) AIChE J Chem Engg Prog Symp Series No 111, 67:85
White A (1967) Nature 214:585
Myska J, Vocel J (1977) Chem Eng Sci 32:593
Povkh IL, Serdyuk AI, Naumov AV, Kovalenko NP (1980) J Engng Phys 38:639
Teot AS, Rose GD, Stevens GA (1986) European Patent 0092 581
Ohlendorf D, Hoffmann H, Interthal W, Pintschovius U (1987) European Patent 0097 926
Ohlendorf D, Interthal W, Barthelt H, Hoffmann H (1987) European Patent 0149 172 A1
Ohlendorf D, Hofinger M (1988) European Patent 0146 097 A1
Ohlendorf D, Interthal W (1986) In: Mittal KL, Bothorel P (eds) Surfactants in Solution. Plenum Press, New York 6:1589
Rehage H, Wunderlich I, Hoffmann H (1986) Progr Colloid Polym Sci 72:51
Löbl M, Thurn H, Hoffmann H (1984) Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem 88:1102
Ulmius J, Wennerström H, Johannson LBA, Lindblom G, Gravsholt S (1979) J Phys Chem 83:2232
Hoffmann H, Platz G, Rehage H, Schorr W, Ulbricht W (1980) Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem 85:2255
Gravsholt S (1976) J Colloid Interface Sci 57:575
Rehage H, Hoffmann H (1982) Rheol Acta 21:561
Rehage H, Hoffmann H (1983) Faraday Discuss Chem Soc 76:0
Hoffmann H, Rehage H, Thurn H, Ohlendorf D (1984) IX Intern Congr on Rheology, Mexico, 2:31, Elsevier Sci Publ, Amsterdam
White A (1976) Drag Reduction by Additives, BHRA Fluid Engineering
Zakin JL (1971) Nature Phys Sci 235:97
Virk PS (1975) AIChE J 21:625
Bewersdorff HW, Frings B, Lindner P, Oberthür RC (1986) Rheol Acta 25:642
Povkh IL, Stupin AB, Maksjutenko SN, Aslanov PV, Simonenko AP (1980) Mekh Turbul Potokov (Tr Vses Konf) pp 44–69
Aslanov PV, Maksjutenko SN, Povkh IL, Simonenko AP, Stupin AB (1980) Izv Akad Nauk SSR, Mekh Zhidk Gaza pp 36–43
Povkh IL, Stupin AB, Maksjutenko SN, Aslanov PV, Roshchin EA, Tur AN (1975) Inzh Fiz Zh 29:522
Schorr W, Hoffmann H (1981) J Phys Chem 85:3160
Hoffmann H, Schorr W (1985) Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem 89:538
Bewersdorff HW (1984) Rheol Acta 23:522
Hoffmann H, Platz G, Rehage H, Schorr W (1982) Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 17:275
Bayer O, Hoffmann H, Ulbricht W, Thurn H (1986) Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 26:177
Hoffmann H, Löbl H, Rehage H, Wunderlich I (to be published)
Ohlendorf D, Hoffmann H (to be published)
Berman NS (1978) Ann Rev Fluid Mech 10:47
Wunderlich AM, James DF (1987) Rheol Acta 26:522
James DF, McLean BD, Saringer JH (1987) J Rheol 31:453
Vißmann K (17–20 June 1986) 2nd Conf European Rheologists, Prague, CSSR (in print)
Bewersdorff HW, Berman NS (1988) Rheol Acta 27:130
Lumley JL (1969) Ann Rev Fluid Mech 1:367
Lumley JL (1977) Phys Fluids 20:S564
Long RR, Chen TC (1981) J Fluid Mech 105:19
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bewersdorff, H.W., Ohlendorf, D. The behaviour of drag-reducing cationic surfactant solutions. Colloid & Polymer Sci 266, 941–953 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01410851
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01410851