Summary
Limited genetic marker information can be obtained from saliva by typing by conventional serological means. Thus, the application of PCR-based DNA typing methods was investigated as a potential approach for typing genetic markers in saliva. DNA was isolated from 200 cigarettes smoked by 10 different individuals (20 cigarettes per individual) and from 3 cigarette butts recovered from 2 crime scenes (adjudicated cases) using a Chelex 100 extraction procedure. The amount of recovered human DNA was quantified by slot-blot analysis and ranged from approximately < 2-160 ng DNA per cigarette butt for the 200 samples, and 8 ng, 50 ng, and 100 ng for the cigarette butts from the adjudicated cases. The DNA was successfully amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the HLA-DQ alpha locus (99 out of 100 samples) as well as for the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) locus D1S80 (99 out of 100 samples). Amplification and typing of DNA was successful on all samples recovered from the crime scenes. The results suggest that PCR-based typing of DNA offers a potential method for genetically characterizing traces of saliva on cigarette butts.
Zusammenfassung
In Anbetracht der limitierten Möglichkeiten der Typisierung von Speichelspuren mittels konventioneller serologischer Methoden wurden fÜr diesen Anwendungsbereich DNA-Typisierungsmethoden, die auf der Polymerase-Chain-Reaction (PCR) basieren, untersucht. Aus 200 Zigaretten, die von 10 verschiedenen Personen geraucht worden waren (20 Zigaretten pro Person), sowie aus 3 von 2 Tatorten stammenden Zigarettenkippen wurde DNA mittels Chelex 100 Methode isoliert und die Menge humaner DNA im Slot-Blot Verfahren bestimmt. Aus den 200 Zigarettenkippen konnten zwischen < 2 -160 ng DNA extrahiert werden, aus den von den Tatorten stammenden Zigaretten 8 ng, 50 ng, bzw. 100 ng DNA. Die DNA wurde mittels PCR erfolgreich amplifiziert und typisiert (99 von 100 Zigarettenkippen am HLA-DQ alpha Locus; 99 von 100 Zigarettenkippen am VNTR locus D1S80; sämtliche Zigarettenkippen von den Tatorten). Die Resultate lassen den Schluß zu, daß die DNA-Typisierung mittels PCR eine mögliche Methode zur Analyse von Speichelspuren an
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Hochmeister, M.N., Dirnhofer, R., Borer, U.V. et al. PCR-based typing of DNA extracted from cigarette butts. Int J Leg Med 104, 229–233 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01369812
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01369812
Key words
- Cigarette butts
- Saliva
- DNA
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- HLA-DQ alpha
- D1S80 (pMCT118)
- AMP-FLP
- human identification