Summary
Selected records from hundreds of raingauges located along the river basins of the largest Italian rivers, throughout the whole of Italy, show a fairly similar interannual variability. Analysis of the historical time series of these data determined very significant 11-yr, 22-yr and 44-yr variabilities that are possibly linked to coherent fluctuations in the high-speed solar wind precipitation into the atmosphere. The combined effect of such signals is found to explain 60% of the yearly rainfall variance.
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Mazzarella, A., Palumbo, F. Rainfall fluctuations over Italy and their association with solar activity. Theor Appl Climatol 45, 201–207 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00866193
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00866193