Abstract
This paper reviews the use of elemental sulfur (S°) as a fertiliser and its efficacy in different pastoral and cropping situations. The effect of S° particle size on rate of oxidation is critical to the effectiveness of S° fertilisers. Emphasis is therefore centred on the issue of how particle size of S° affects the rate of oxidation in different environments and cropping systems, and the size of S° in different S° fertiliser products.
Rate constants of S° oxidation offer the opportunity to generalise particle size relationships needed in S° fertilisers for different crops in different environments, or alternatively, to calculate the agronomic effectiveness of different S° fertilisers available on the market. Conversely they offer a technique to set specifications as to S° particle size requirements, which together with dispersion rate specifications provide the basis for the design of S° fertilisers for specified crops and environments.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Banerjee B (1987) The role of elemental sulfur in crop biomass production in tea: an exploratory approach. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 1: 339–344
Barrow NJ (1970) Sulphate adsorption by soils as a determinant of sulphur status, and methods of supplying sulphur to non-adsorbing soils. Proc XI Int Grassld Congr, pp 370-373
Barrow NJ (1971) Slowly available fertilizers in southwestern Australia. 1. Elemental sulphur. Aust J Exp Agric Anim Husb 11: 211–216
Beaton JD (1966) Sulphur requirements of cereals, tree crops, vegetables, and other crops. Soil Sci 101: 267–282
Beaton JD (1987) Desirable characteristics of sulphur containing fertilizers suitable for Asia and the Pacific region. Proceedings of the Symposium on Fertilizer Sulphur Requirements and Sources in Developing Countries of Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok pp 101-111
Beaton JD and Soper RJ (1986) Plant responses to sulphur in western Canada. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 374-403. Agronomy No 27
Bell-Booth M, Smith RG, Chatupote W and Hedley MJ (1988) The agronomic utilisation of hydrothermal sulphur deposits at Lake Rotokawa. In: White RE and Currie LD (eds) Proceedings of the workshop towards the more efficient use of soil and fertilizer sulphur, pp 149–158. Massey University, Palmerston North.
Bettany JR and Janzen HH (1984) Transformations of sulphur fertilizers in prairie soils. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 817–822. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Bettany JR, Janzen HH and Stewart JWB (1983) Sulphur deficiency in the prairie provinces of Canada. In: More AI (ed) Proceedings of the Sulphur 82 Conference. 2: 787-799. The British Sulphur Corporation Limited, London
Bhuiyan NI (1992) Sulphur fertilization for rice and non-rice crops of Bangladesh agriculture. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 81–93. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Biswas BC and Tewatia RK (1992) Role of sulphur in balanced plant nutrition Indian experience. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 98–106. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Bixby DW and Kilmer VJ (1975) Sulphur resources available to the fertilizer industry, the fertilizers made, their role and the problems involved in their manufacture. In: McLachlan KD (ed) Sulphur in Australasian agriculture, pp 231-241. Sydney University Press
Blair GJ (1979) Sulphur in the tropics. International Fertilizer Development Centre Technical Bulletin 12. Muscle Shoals, Alabama
Blair GJ, Lefroy RDB, Chaitep W, Santoso D, Samosir S, Dana M and Chinoim N (1992) Matching sulphur fertilizers to plant production systems In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 156–175. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Blair GJ, Momuat EO and Mamaril CP (1979) Sulfur nutrition of rice. 2. Effect of source and rate of S on growth and yield under flooded conditions. Agron J 71: 477–480
Blakemore LC, Ludecke TE, Leamy ML and Metson AJ (1969) A study of the pattern of sulphur responses by dryland lucerne on some brown-grey earths. NZ J Agric Res 12: 333–351
Boswell CC (1983) An assessment of phosphorus and sulphur interactions on aspects of the sulfur cycle in pasture. PhD thesis, University of New England
Boswell CC (1983) Sulphur responses in crops in New Zealand. In: Gregg PEH and Syers JK (eds) Proceedings of the technical workshop on sulphur in New Zealand agriculture, pp 73–84. Massey University, NZ
Boswell CC (1987) Elemental sulphur fertilisers for pastures in New Zealand. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 2: 493–507
Boswell CC (1992) Rate constants of oxidation of elemental sulphur in Otago and Southland. Invermay Technical Report 31, 66 pp
Boswell CC and Floate MJS (1992) Fertilizers and lime for pasture establishment and maintenance. In: Floate MJS (ed) Guide to tussock grassland farming, pp 61–69. AgResearch Invermay, Mosgiel, New Zealand
Boswell CC and Swanney B (1986) Alternative sulphur fertilisers in New Zealand. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 47: 233–242
Boswell CC and Swanney B (1988) The effects of particle size, rate and frequency of application of elemental sulphur on the release of sulphate to lucerne in the upper Waitaki Valley. In: White RE and Currie LD (eds) Proceedings of the workshop towards the more efficient use of soil and fertilizer sulphur, pp 159–168. Massey University, Palmerston North
Boswell CC and Swanney B (1991) Comparison of the long-term effects of different sulphur fertilisers on legume pasture production on a toposequence of North Otago soils, New Zealand. NZ J Agric Res 44: 95–104
Boswell CC, Owers WR, Swanney B and Rothbaum HP (1988) Sulfur/sodium bentonite mixtures as sulfur fertilizers. 1. The effects of S/Na-bentonite ratios on the rate of dispersion and particle size distribution of elemental sulfur dispersed from laboratory-produced prills. Fert Res 15: 13–31
Boswell CC, Risk WH and Littlejohn RJ (1993) Atmospheric rainfall inputs in rainfall in southern New Zealand. Proc XV11 Int Grassld Congr (in press)
Boswell CC, Swanney B and Owers WR (1988) Sulfur/sodium bentonite prills as sulfur fertilizers. 2. Effect of sulfur-sodium bentonite ratios on the availability of sulfur to pasture plants in the field. Fert Res 15: 33–46
Boswell CC, Thorrold BS, Watkinson JH, Lee A and Power IL (1992) Effect of soil temperature on the rate of oxidation of elemental sulphur. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 54: 49–53
Chatupote W (1990) An investigation of some factors influencing the rate of oxidation of elemental sulphur fertilizers. PhD thesis, Massey University, New Zealand
Chien SH, Friesen DK and Hamilton BW (1988) Effect of application method on availability of elemental sulfur in cropping sequences. Soil Sci Soc Am J 52: 165–169
Chien SH, Hellums DT and Henao J (1987) Greenhouse evaluation of elemental sulfur and gypsum for flooded rice. Soil Sci Soc Am J 43: 120–123
Cook RJ (1987) Sulphur as a cereal fungicide. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 2: 417–425
Cossens GG (1987) Agriculture and climate in Central Otago. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 48: 15–21
Craighead MD, Burgess WB, Clarke SA and Duffy RG (1990) Development of sunny-facing high country using different forms of sulphur fertiliser. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 52: 203–206
Czurak RH (1984) Sulphur bentonite products. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 833–834. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Dear BS and Spencer K (1982) The effectiveness of several fertilisers in supplying sulphur to temperate pastures. Aust J Exp Agric Anim Husb 22: 412–419
Duke SH and Reisenauer HM (1986) Roles and requirements of sulphur in plant nutrition. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 123-168. Agronomy No 27
Duncan AA (1983) The application of fertilisers containing elemental sulphur. In: Gregg PEH and Syers JK (eds) Proceedings of the technical workshop on sulphur in New Zealand agriculture, pp 176–180. Massey University, NZ
During C (1984) Fertilisers and soils in New Zealand agriculture. 3rd Edition. Government Printing Office Wellington, NZ
During C and Martin DJ (1968) Sulphate nutrition, movement, and sorption, with special reference to a gley podzol, West Coast, South Island. NZ J Agric Res 11: 665–676
Dutruel P (1987) Evolution of sulphur presentation forms. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 1: 383–384
Estefan SF, Korkor SA and Hilal MH (1990) Prefeasibility study on pilot plant flotation of sulphur ores and wastes. In: Hilal MH, Korkor SA and Selim AEM (eds) Proceedings Middle East Sulphur Symposium, pp 101-107. Cairo, Egypt
Falisse A and Bodson B (1987) Use of elemental sulphur in cereal crops. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 2: 427–432
Floate MJS, Boswell CC, Allen BE and Scott D (1987) Towards 2000: Strategies to achieve more efficient fertiliser use in inland South Island hill and high country. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 48: 53–58
Fox RL (1980) Responses to sulphur by crops growing in highly weathered soils. Sulphur in Agric 4: 16–22
Fox RL and Blair GJ (1986) Plant response to sulphur in tropical soils. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 405-434. Agronomy No 27
Fox RL, Olson RA and Rhoades HF (1964) Evaluating the sulfur status of soils by plant and soil tests. Soil Sci Soc Amer Proc 28: 243–246
Friesen DK (1991) Fate and efficiency of sulfur fertilizer applied to food crops in West Africa. Fert Res 29: 45–54
Friesen DK and Chien SH (1986) Sulphur fertilizers and their application: general review and S source evaluation at IFDC. International Sulphur Symposium, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Friesen DK, Sale PWG and Blair GJ (1987) Long-term greenhouse evaluation of partially acidulated phosphate rock fertilizers. 2. Effect of cogranulation with elemental S on availability of P from two phosphate rocks. Fert Res 13: 45–54
Germida JJ and Janzen HH (1993) Factors affecting the oxidation of elemental sulphur in soils. Fert Res 35: 101–114 (This issue)
Germida JJ, Lawrence JR and Gupta VVSR (1984) Microbial oxidation of sulphur in Saskatchewan soils. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 703–710. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Ghani A, Lee A, Watkinson JH, Boswell CC, Thorrold BS, Morton JD and Upsdell MP (1993) The quantification of oxidation of elemental sulphur in pastoral soils of New Zealand. Proc XVII Int Grassl Congr (in press)
Goh KM and Nguyen ML (1990) Effects of grazing animals on the plant availability of sulphur fertilisers in grazed pastures. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 52: 181–185
Hagstrom GR (1986) Fertilizer sources of sulphur and their use. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 567-581. Agronomy No 27
Hilal MH, Abdel-Fattah A and Korkor SA (1990) Effect of fine and granular sulphur application on root depth and yield of lupinus in sandy soils. In: Hilal MH, Korkor SA and Selim AEM (eds) Proceedings Middle East Sulphur Symposium, pp 207-216. Cairo, Egypt
Hilal MH, El-Lakkany H and El-Sheemy H (1990) Effect of sulphur and long term fertilizer application program on rhizosphere activity and yield of peanuts in a sandy soil. In: Hilal MH, Korkor SA and Selim AEM (eds) Proceedings Middle East Sulphur Symposium, pp 217-227. Cairo, Egypt
Hoeft RG (1980) Crop response to sulphur in the midwest and northeastern United States. Sulphur in Agric 4: 12–15
Hoeft RG and Fox RH (1986) Plant response to sulphur in the midwest and northeastern United States. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 345-374. Agronomy No 27
Hoeft RG and Walsh LM (1975) Effect of carrier, rate and time of application of S on the yield, and S and N content of alfalfa. Agron J 67: 427–430
Hoult E, Andrews A and Keerati-Kasikorn P (1983) Sulfur deficiencies in the agriculture of Thailand, Kampuchea, Laos and Vietnam. In: Blair GJ and Till AR (eds) Sulfur in SE Asian and S Pacific agriculture, pp 115–146. University of New England, Australia
Ismunadji M (1988) Sulphur in Indonesian agriculture. In: Jae-sung S (ed) Proceedings International symposium on sulphur for Korean agriculture, pp 50–54. Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer, Suweon, Korea
Ismunadji M (1992) Sulfur nutrition of food crop based farming systems in Indonesia. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 70–77. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Ismunadji M, Blair GJ, Momuat E and Sudjadi M (1983) Sulfur in the agriculture of Indonesia. In: Blair GJ and Till AR (eds) Sulfur in SE Asian and S Pacific agriculture, pp 165–179. University of New England, Australia
Janzen HH and Bettany JR (1984) Measurement of sulfur oxidation in soils. Soil Sci 143: 444–452
Johnson A (1975) Prescription of the types of sulphur fertilizers currently needed in agriculture. In: McLachlan KD (ed) Sulphur in Australasian agriculture, pp 242-248. Sydney University Press
Jones MB (1984) Effects of fertilizer sources on plant growth and sulphur uptake. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 711–716. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Jones MB and Ruckman JE (1966) Gypsum and elemental sulphur as fertilizers on annual grassland. Agron J 58: 409–412
Jones MB and Ruckman JE (1969) Effect of particle size on long-term availability of sulfur on annual type grasslands. Agron J 61: 936–939
Jones MB, Martin WE and Ruckman JE (1970) Effectiveness of various sulfur sources applied to annual type grasslands of California, Proc XI Int Grassld Congr pp 373-376
Kamprath EJ and Jones US (1986) Plant response to sulphur in the southeastern United States. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 323-343. Agronomy No 27
Kang BT, Okoro E, Acquaye D and Osiname OA (1981) Sulfur status of some Nigerian soils from the savanna and forest zones. Soil Sci 132: 220–227
Kang BT and Osiname OA (1976) Sulfur response of maize in western Nigeria. Agron J 68: 333–336
Kanji K (1988) Sulphur in Japanese Agriculture. In: Jae-sung S (ed) Proceedings International symposium on sulphur for Korean agriculture, pp 35–41. Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer, Suweon, Korea
Kanwar JS and Mudahar MS (1986) Fertilizer sulphur and food production. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W Junk, Dordrecht
Kiemnec G, Jackson TL and Mosher W (1981) Fertilizing subclover with elemental sulphur. Sulphur in Agric 5: 12–16
Kittams HA and Attoe OJ (1965) Availability of phosphorus in rock phosphate-sulfur fusions. Agron J 57: 331–334
Koehler FE and Roberts S (1983) An evaluation of different forms of sulphur fertilizers. In: More AI (ed) Proceedings of the Sulphur 82 Conference. 2: 833-841. The British Sulphur Corporation Limited, London
Kowalenko EA and Baptie RS (1984) Sulphur in agriculture. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 835–839. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Lambert MG, Clark DA and Mackay AD (1990) Long term effects of withholding phosphate application on North Island hill country: Ballantrae. Proc NZ Grassld Assoc 51: 25–28
Ledgard SF, Johnston TJM, Edmeades DC and Wheeler DM (1991) Soil nutrient status of the Bay of Plenty region and the implication to pasture productivity and fertiliser requirements. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 53; 175–179
Ledgard SF and Upsdell MP (1991) Sulphur inputs in rainfall throughout New Zealand. NZ J Agric Res 34: 105–111
Lee A, Boswell CC and Watkinson JH (1988) Effect of particle size on the oxidation of elemental sulphur, thiobacilli numbers, soil sulphate, and its availability to pasture. NZ J Agric Res 31: 179–186
Lee A, Watkinson JH, Orbell G, Bagyaraj J and Lauren DR (1987) Factors influencing dissolution of phosphate rock and oxidation of elemental sulphur in some New Zealand soils. NZ J Agric Res 30: 373–385
Li P and Caldwell AC (1966) The oxidation of elemental sulfur in soil. Soil Sci Soc Amer Proc 30: 370–372
Liu Chong-qun (1992) Soil sulphur status and sulphur fertilizer requirements in China. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 19–29. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Ludecke TE (1963) Formulation of a rational fertilizer programme in tussock country. Proc NZ Grassld Ass 24: 29–41
Ludecke TE (1966) Further aspects of sulphur nutrition of legumes. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 27: 129–138
McGrath SP and Till AR (1987) Uptake of sulphur following foliar applications of sulphur. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 1: 369–370
McIntosh PD and Sinclair AG (1983) Performance of elemental sulphur, sulphur-superphosphate and superphosphate on dry inland South Island hill country. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 44: 172–178
McIntosh PD, Sinclair AG and Enright PD (1985) Responses of legumes to phosphorus and sulphur on 2 toposequences of North Otago soils, New Zealand. NZ J Agric Res 28: 505–515
Mamaril CP and Gonzales PB (1987) Sulphur status and requirements of the Philippines. Proceedings of the Symposium on Fertilizer Sulphur Requirements and Sources in Developing Countries of Asia and the Pacific, pp 67-75. Bangkok
Mamaril CP and Gonzales PB (1988) Response of lowland rice to S in the Philippines. In: Jae-sung S (ed) Proceedings International symposium on sulphur for Korean agriculture, pp 72–76. Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer, Suweon, Korea
Mamaril CP, Gonzales PB and Cacnio VN (1992) Sulfur management in lowland rice. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 11–18. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Martin D, Moyart JL and Gerard JL (1987) Effects of fungicides on rapeseed mycoflora. Role of sulphur treatments. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 1: 371–375
Matocha JE (1971) Influence of sulphur sources and magnesium on forage yields of coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers). Agron J 63: 493–496
Messick DL, Morris RJ and Gabryszewski JM (1992) Sulphur in crop production and sources to meet future requirements. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 1–10. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Morris RJ (1987) The importance and need for sulphur in crop production in Asia and the Pacific region. Proceedings of the symposium on fertilizer sulphur requirements and sources in developing countries of Asia and the Pacific, pp 4-11. Bangkok
Morris RJ (1988) Sulphur - the fourth major plant nutrient. In: Jae-sung S (ed) Proceedings International Symposium on Sulphur for Korean agriculture, pp 9-16. Seoul, Korea
Nguyen ML (1988) Direct determination of elemental sulphur in soils and the application of this method in measuring oxidation potentials of elemental sulphur fertilisers. In: White RE and Currie LD (eds) Proceedings of the workshop towards the more efficient use of soil and fertilizer sulphur, pp 9–25. Massey University, Palmerston North
Nuttall WF, Boswell CC and Swanney B (1990) Influence of sulphur fertilizer placement, soil moisture and temperature on yield response of rape to sulphurbentonite. Fert Res 25: 107–114
O'Connor MB, Smart CE and Ledgard SF (1990) Long term effects of withholding phosphate application on North Island hill country: Te Kuiti. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 51: 21–24
Palmer B, McCaskill M, Friesen DK and Hammond L (1983) Sulfur containing fertilizers, past, present and future. In: Blair GJ and Till AR (eds) Sulfur in Southeast Asian and South Pacific agriculture, pp 301–314. University of New England, Armidale, NSW
Park H (1988) Physiological role of sulphur in plants. In: Jae-sung S (ed) Proceedings International Symposium on Sulphur for Korean Agriculture, pp 77-91. Seoul, Korea
Partridge IJ (1982) The efficiency of biosuper and rock phosphate on forage legumes on hill soils in Fiji. Fiji Agric J 44: 27–30
Pathiratna LSS, Waidyanatha UPD and Peries OS (1989) The effect of apatite and elemental sulphur mixtures on growth and P content ofCentrosema pubescens. Fert Res 21: 37–43
Rajan SSS (1983) Effect of sulphur content of phosphate rock/sulphur granules on the availability of phosphate to plants. Fert Res 4: 287–296
Rajan SSS (1987) Phosphate rock and phosphate rock/sulphur granules as phosphate fertilizers and their dissolution in soil. Fert Res 11: 43–60
Rajan SSS and Edge EA (1980) Dissolution of granulated low-grade phosphate rocks, phosphate rocks/sulphur (Biosuper), and superphosphate in soil. NZ J Agric Res 23: 451–456
Rasmussen PE and Kresge PO (1986) Plant responses to sulfur in the mid west and northeastern United States. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 323-374. Agronomy No 27
Rayment G, Walker B and Keerati-Kasikorn P (1983) Sulphur in the agriculture of northern Australia. In: Blair GJ and Till AR (eds) Sulfur in SE Asian and S Pacific agriculture, pp 228–250. University of New England, Australia
Robbins GB, Bushell JJ and Compton JF (1984) Nutrient concentrations of a grass-legume pasture fertilized with single superphosphate or biosuper. Trop Grasslds 18: 100–102
Rothbaum HP, Evason W and Owers WR (1983) Development of new sulphur fertilisers. In: Gregg PEH and Syers JK (eds) Proceedings of the technical workshop on sulphur in New Zealand agriculture, pp 139–149. Massey University, NZ
Rothbaum HP and Groom PS (1961) Fire hazards in the use of fertilisers containing elemental sulphur. NZ J Sci 4: 476–488
Rothbaum HP, Sewell JR and Evason W (1980) Waterdegradable sulphur/anhydrite pellets for fertilizer use. NZ J Sci 23: 371–382
Saggar S, Hedley MJ, Gillinghan AG, Rowarth JS, Richardson S, Bolan NS and Gregg PEH (1990) Predicting the fate of fertiliser sulphur in grazed hill country pastures by modelling the transfer and accumulation of soil phosphorus. NZ J Agric Res 33: 129–138
Sale PWG, Friesen DK and Blair GJ (1991) Long-term greenhouse evaluation of partially acidulated phosphate rock fertilizers. 3. Agronomic effectiveness relative to single superphosphate. Fert Res 29: 295–307
Samosir S and Blair GJ (1983) Sulphur nutrition of rice. 3. A comparison of fertilizer sources for flooded rice. Agron J 75: 203–206
Santosa D, Adiningsih JS and Kasno A (1992) Sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in Indonesian agriculture. In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 150–155. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Scott NM and Sharp G (1984) Crop responses to sulphur and sulphur research in the north of Scotland. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 793–798. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Sinclair AG and Boswell CC (1983) The agronomic properties of sulphur fertilisers. Proceedings 19th Technical Conference NZ Fertiliser Manufacturers' Association, pp 377-389
Sinclair AG, Boswell CC, Cornforth IS, Lee A, Morgan J, Nguyen L, Saunders WMH, Shannon P, Smith RG and Whelan G (1986) Agronomic requirements for sulphur in New Zealand pastures Proceedings 20th Technical Conference NZ Fertiliser Manufacturers' Association 2: 538-572
Sinclair AG and Enright PD (1983) Effectiveness of elemental sulphur fertilisers. In: Gregg PEH and Syers JK (eds) Proceedings of the technical workshop on sulphur in New Zealand agriculture, pp 164–174. Massey University, NZ
Smith RG and McDougall DB (1988) Evaluation of sulphur/sodium bentonite prills as sulphur fertilisers in the Manawatu. In: White RE and Currie LD (eds) Proceedings of the workshop towards the more efficient use of soil and fertilizer sulphur, pp 169–178. Massey University, Palmerston North
Solberg ED and Nyborg MN (1983) Comparison of sulphate and elemental sulphur fertilizers. In: More AI (ed) Proceedings of the Sulphur-82 Conference. 2: 843-852. The British Sulphur Corporation Limited, London
Solberg ED, Penney DC and Nyborg MN (1992) Factors affecting the effective use of elemental sulphur fertilizers in Western Canada In: Portch S (ed) Proceedings of International symposium on the role of sulphur, magnesium and micronutrients in balanced plant nutrition, pp 222–233. Potash and Phosphate Institute, Hong Kong
Spencer K (1975) Sulphur requirements of plants. In: McLachlan KD (ed) Sulphur in Australasian agriculture, pp 98-108. Sydney University Press
Sumbak J (1983) Sulfur requirements of tropical tree crops. In: Blair GJ and Till AR (eds) Sulfur in SE Asian and S Pacific agriculture, pp 65–75. University of New England, Australia
Swaby RJ (1975) Biosuper - biological superphosphate In: McLachlan KD (ed) Sulphur in Australasian agriculture, pp 213-220. Sydney University Press
Swanney B, Boswell CC, Enright PD and Sinclair AG (1988) A comparative field evaluation of some potential sulphur fertiliser materials. NZ J Exp Agric 16: 183–192
Syers KJ, Adams JA and Walker TW (1970) Accumulation of organic matter in a chronosequence of soils developed from wind-blown sand in New Zealand. J Soil Sci 21: 146–153
Tandon HLS (1987) Sulphur containing fertilizers. Proceedings of the symposium on fertilizer sulphur requirements and sources in developing countries of Asia and the Pacific, pp 95-100. Bangkok
Tandon HLS (1991) Sulphur research and agricultural production in India (3rd edition) The Sulphur Institute, Washington
Till AR, Sale PWG and Blair GJ (1984) Studies of the forms of fertilizer on plant and animal responses. Proceedings of Sulphur-84, pp 753–758. Sulphur Development Institute of Canada, Calgary, Canada
Tisdale SL, Reneau RB and Platou JS (1986) Atlas of sulphur deficiencies. In: Tabatabai MA (ed) Sulphur in Agriculture, pp 295-322. Agronomy No 27
Toxopeus MRJ (1970) Sulphur deficiency in grassland on young soils from volcanic ash and its possible prediction by laboratory tests. Proc XI Int Grassl Congr pp 345-346
Vance PN, George S and Wohuinangu J (1983) Sulfur in the agriculture of Papua New Guinea. In: Blair GJ and Till AR (eds) Sulfur in SE Asian and S Pacific agriculture, pp 180–190. University of New England, Australia
Vaughn CE, Jones MB and Ruckman JE (1979) Effects of sulphur-coated urea on Californian annual grassland yield and chemical composition. Agron J 71: 297–300
Wainwright M (1984) Sulphur oxidation in soils. Adv Agron 37: 349–396
Walker TW and Gregg PEH (1975) The occurrence of sulphur deficiency in New Zealand In: McLachlan KD (ed) Sulphur in Australasian agriculture, pp 145-153. Sydney University Press
Waples J and Sinclair C (1987) The use of ‘Thiovit’ on major arable crops in the UK. Proceedings of International Symposium Elemental Sulphur in Agriculture. Nice, France 1: 355–360
Watkinson JH (1989) Measurement of the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur in soil. Aust J Soil Res 27: 365–375
Watkinson JH and Blair GJ (1993) Modelling the oxidation of elemental sulphur in soils. Fert Res 35: 139–150 (This issue)
Watkinson JH and Lee A (Forthcoming) Elemental sulfur: the rate of release in pastoral soils under the New Zealand climate. Proceedings of the Dahlia Greidinger Memorial International Workshop on controlled/slow release fertilizers. Haifa, Israel
Watkinson JH, Lee A and Lauren DR (1987) Measurement of elemental sulfur in soil and sediments: Field sampling, sample storage, pretreatment, extraction and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography. Aust J Soil Res 25: 167–178
Weir RG (1970) Factors affecting the availability of sulphur from sulphur fertilizers. Proc XI Int Grassld Congr 380-384
Weir RG, Barkus B and Atkinson WT (1963) The effect of particle size on the availability of brimstone sulphur to white clover. Aust J Exp Agric Anim Husb 3: 314–318
Widdowson JP and Blakemore LC (1983) The sulphur status of soils in the south-west Pacific area. In: More AI (ed) Proceedings of the Sulphur-82 Conference. 2: 805-819. The British Sulphur Corporation Limited, London
Wilson HG and Jordan WJ (1989) Dynamics and economics of pasture production responses to a representative range of phosphorus and sulphur fertilisers. Proc NZ Grassl Assoc 50: 145–150
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Boswell, C.C., Friesen, D.K. Elemental sulfur fertilizers and their use on crops and pastures. Fertilizer Research 35, 127–149 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00750226
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00750226