Abstract
The oxidation of 20wt.%Cr/25wt.%Ni/Nb steel in 50 ton CO2 at 1073 K has been studied “in situ” using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the chemical composition of the oxide initially formed. The surface composition of the first formed oxide is shown to be iron rich, containing quantities of chromium and manganese, whilst analysis of the bulk oxide indicates that the majority of the oxide scale is a spinel of type MnCr2−xFexO4. The formation of a chromia layer, which has been suggested to form first on these steels, was not observed. An examination of the oxide morphology using scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of particle mounds varying in size from <0.5 μm to ∼3 μm in diameter and embedded in the surface oxide. Other techniques, including scanning Auger microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, have been employed to determine the composition of these particles, and suggestions for their origin have been offered.
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Allen, G.C., Tempest, P.A., Tyler, J.W. et al. Oxidation behavior of 20%Cr/25%Ni/Nb stabilized stainless steel in CO2 environments. Oxid Met 21, 187–203 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00741470
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00741470