Summary
The “interrupted resonance” circuit proved effective in combination with an extracorporeal magnet in permitting electromagnetic blood flow measurements to be made in branch arteries of dogs by application of perivascular cuffs equipped with pick-up electrodes contacting the vessel wall. A four-turn coil, acting as a transformer secondary measures the amplitude of the magnetic field component which is effective in inducing the flow signal and thus permits calibrations for arbitrary orientations of the perivascular cuff relative to the magnetic field of the extracorporeal magnet. Recordings of mean and phasic blood flow in dogs' arteries provide illustrations of effectiveness in pharmacological studies and exhibit the reliability of the non-occlusive zero-flow base line obtained by de-energizing the magnet.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Debley, V. G.: Miniature hydraulic occluder for zero blood determination. J. appl. Physiol.31, 138–139 (1971)
Gessner, U.: Effects of the vessel wall on electromagnetic flow measurement. Biophys. J.1, 627–637 (1961)
Gregg, D. E.: Physiology of the coronary circulation. Circulation27, 1128–1137 (1963)
Khouri, E. M., Gregg, D. E.: Miniature electromagnetic flow meter applicable to coronary arteries. J. appl. Physiol.18, 224 (1963)
Kolin, A.: An electromagnetic flow meter. Principle of the method and its application to blood flow measurements. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.)35, 53–56 (1936)
Kolin, A.: An A. C. induction flow meter for measurement of blood flow in intact blood vessels. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.)46, 235–239 (1941)
Kolin, A.: Improved apparatus and technique for electromagnetic determination of blood flow. Rev. Sci. Instr.23, 235–242 (1952)
Kolin, A.: Electromagnetic blood flow meters. Science130, 1088–1097 (1959)
Kolin, A.: Circulatory System: Blood flow determination by electromagnetic method. In: Medical physics, vol. 3 (O. Glasser, ed.), pp. 141–156. Chicago: Year Book Publ. Co. 1960
Kolin, A.: Evolution of electromagnetic blood flow meters. In: UCLA Forum in the Medical Sciences, vol. 10, pp. 383–405. Los Angeles: University of Calif. Press 1970
Kolin, A., Assali, N. S., Herrold, G., Jensen, R.: Electromagnetic determination of regional blood flow in unanesthetized animals. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)43, 527–540 (1957)
Kolin, A., Austin, S., Cox, P.: Electromagnetic observations of carotid blood flow changes in the conscious rat in response to sensory stimuli. Nature (Lond.)201, 573–574 (1964)
Kolin, A., Grollman, J. H., Steckel, R. J., Snow, H. D.: Determination of arterial blood flow by percutaneously introduced flow sensors in an external magnetic field. II. Implementation of the method in vivo. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)68, 29–33 (1971)
Kolin, A., Kado, R. T.: Miniaturization of the electromagnetic flow meter and its use for the recording of circulatory responses of conscious animals to sensory stimuli. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)45, 1312–1321 (1959)
Kolin, A., Steele, J. R., Imai, J. S., MacAlpin, R. N.: A constant field interrupted resonance system for percutaneous electromagnetic measurement of blood flow. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)71, 1294–1298 (1974)
Kolin, A., Weissberg, J. L., Gerber, L.: Electromagnetic measurement of blood flow and sphygmomanometry in the intact animal. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.)47, 324–329 (1941)
Spencer, M. P., Denison, A. B.: The square-wave electromagnetic flowmeter: Theory of operation and design of magnetic probes for clinical and experimental applications. IRE Trans ME-6, 220–228 (1959)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kolin, A., Steele, J.R., Imai, J.S. et al. Extracorporeal magnet perivascular electromagnetic flow meters. Pflugers Arch. 362, 279–283 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00581182
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00581182