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Thermal free convection from an ice sphere in water

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Summary

Thermal free convection in water is studied by melting ice spheres in water, the uniform temperature of which is varied between 0 and 10°C. Flow patterns as well as local heat transfer are examined. In particular, the effect of anomalous thermal expansion is investigated. From our observations a more accurate picture of the flow phenomena can be obtained that agrees not only with our experimental heat transfer data but also with theoretical results from existing literature.

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Abbreviations

a :

thermal diffusivity, λ/(ρc)

c :

specific heat capacity

d :

characteristic length, here diameter of sphere

g :

gravitational acceleration

α :

coefficient of heat transfer

β :

thermal expansion coefficient

β∞ :

as above, at ambient temperature

θ :

temperature difference between fluid and melting ice

θ ∞ :

as above, for fluid at infinity

λ :

thermal conductivity

ν :

kinematic viscosity

ρ :

density

ϕ :

angular distance from upper stagnation point (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3)

Nu :

Nusselt number, αd/λ

\(\overline {Nu} \) :

mean value of Nusselt number

Gr :

Grashof number, \(g\beta _\infty \theta _\infty d^3 /\nu ^2 \)

Pr :

Prandtl number, ν/a

References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorium voor Technische Natuurkunde, Technological University, Delft, The Netherlands

    J. Schenk & F. A. M. Schenkels

Authors
  1. J. Schenk
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  2. F. A. M. Schenkels
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Schenk, J., Schenkels, F.A.M. Thermal free convection from an ice sphere in water. Appl. Sci. Res. 19, 465–476 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00383941

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00383941

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