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Zur Histopathologie des Thymus der weißen Maus bei einer Infektion mit Toxoplasma gondii

Histopathological changes in the thymus of the white mouse after infection with Toxoplasma gondii

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Summary

Three days after infection of mice with a virulent strain of T. gondii first histopathological destructions of the thymus are visible. The number of lymphocytes decreases step by step till to the animals' day of death on the 7th day p.i. At this time the cortex has lost all its thymocytes. Electronmicroscopical pictures show destruction of most of the reticulum cells and lymphocytes. In those cells which are still alive multiplication of Toxoplasma trophozoites is to be seen. A lot of parasites are lying extracellular in the detritus of the destroyed thymus-cells.

After infection of mice with an avirulent strain of T. gondii there is a loss of lymphocytes in the cortex of the thymus too. Starting at day 5th to 7th p.i. it reaches it's peak at the time of the 10th to 15th day after infection. After this period restitution of lymphocytes in the cortex is going on. At about the 30th day p.i. replacement of all the lymphocytes is finished. Sometimes the cortex seems to be enlarged, that means now there are more thymocytes in the cortex than in uninfected controls. Neither reticulum cells nor lymphocytes show destruction of their ultrastructure. Only a process of activation of the lymphocytes can be seen by electronmicroscopy. In the lymphocytes the mitochondria are enlarged and there are more than in the controls. At the same time Golgi-apparatus and endoplasmatic reticulum become prominent.

Zusammenfassung

Drei Tage nach der Infektion von Mäusen mit einem virulenten Stamm von T. gondii werden erste histopathologische Veränderungen am Thymus der Tiere sichtbar. Die Zahl der in der Thymusrinde gelagerten Lymphozyten nimmt ab. Dieser Prozeß verläuft stetig, so daß zum Zeitpunkt des Todes der Tiere, etwa am 7. Tag p. i., fast die gesamte Thymusrinde lymphozytenfrei ist. Elektronenmikroskopisch zeigt sich, daß der größte Teil, sowohl der Reticulumzellen als auch der restlichen Lymphozyten, zerstört ist. Freie und intrazellulär liegende Parasiten lassen sich zu diesem Zeitpunkt leicht nachweisen.

Auch bei der Infektion von Mäusen mit einem avirulenten Toxoplasma-Stamm kommt es zu einem bedeutenden Verlust an Lymphozyten in der Thymusrinde. Er beginnt jedoch erst am 5.–7. Tag p.i. und erreicht seinen Höhepunkt in der Zeit vom 10.–15. Tag p.i. Danach erholt sich das Organ. Eine Restitution von Lymphozyten in der Thymusrinde setzt ein. Am 30. Tag p.i. ist die Lymphozyten-haltige Rindenschicht in voller Stärke wieder hergestellt; teilweise erscheint sie sogar lymphozytenreicher, d.h. dicker als entsprechende Rindenpartien in den Kontrollen, angelegt zu sein. Im elektronenmikroskopischen Bild zeigen sich weder Reticulumzellen noch Lymphozyten pathologisch verändert. Lediglich eine Aktivierung der Lymphozyten wird sichtbar. Die Mitochondrien vergrößern und vermehren sich. Gleichzeitig treten Golgi-Apparat und ER hervor.

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Abbreviations

Ce:

Centriol

ER:

Endoplasmatisches Reticulum

G:

Golgi-Apparat

M:

Thymusmark

Mi:

Mitochondrium

NL:

Zellkern eines Lymphozyten

NP:

Zellkern einer Plasmazelle

NU:

Nucleolus

PV:

Parasitophore Vakuole

R:

Thymusrinde

T:

Trophozoiten von T. gondii

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Pelster, B., Piekarski, G. & Suzuki, N. Zur Histopathologie des Thymus der weißen Maus bei einer Infektion mit Toxoplasma gondii . Z. F. Parasitenkunde 49, 113–125 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00382418

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00382418

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