Hemispheric differences in tactile and visual recognition of braille-like stimulus patterns with static and dynamic modes of inspection

Summary

Braille-like patterns were presented unilaterally to both tactual and visual modalities. The subject's task was to identify the location of three dots in a 2 × 3 six-dot pattern. Specifically, tactual versus visual presentation, dynamic versus static presentation of tactual stimuli, learning, and gender were examined in relation to cerebral hemisheric differences. Data were analyzed in terms of both the number of individual stimulus dots and the number of complete three-dot patterns correctly identified with regard to their spatial location. Although no reliable laterality differences were obtained with the tactual-static condition, owing to a significant interaction between learning and side of stimulus presentation, dot positions were reported reliably more accurately when presented in a dynamic fashion, i. e., scanned by the subject, to the right hand. For the visual modality, both correct reports of individual dot positions as well as correct reports of the entire patterns were reliably more accurate for stimulus presentations to the right visual field. Increased familiarity with the task, i. e., learning accross trials, generally increased report accuracy, particularly for static presentations to the left hand. The effect of gender was negligible. The results are dicussed in terms of their theoretical implications for differential cerebral hemispheric specializations in terms of differential processing strategies.