Abstract
The effect of injection of various concentrations (4 ng to 0.5 μg/larva) of α-amanitin on chromosomal RNA synthesis in larval salivary glands of D. hydei was investigated at subsequent time intervals (90 min to 20 hrs) after injection. — As revealed by autoradiography, 3H-uridine incorporation into the polytene chromosomes was greatly reduced as compared with that in control larvae. In α-amanitin injected larvae, new chromosome puffs could be induced by a temperature treatment. These puffs never attained a size comparable to that in the controls. The newly induced puffs did not show specific incorporation of 3H-uridine. — Puffs which were active before the toxin was applied undergo a reduction in size and incorporation of 3H-uridine.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alfert, M., Geschwind, J. J.: A selective staining method for the basic proteins of cell nuclei. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 39, 991–999 (1953).
Becker, H. J.: Die Puffs der Speicheldrüsenchromosomen von Drosophila melanogaster. I. Mitt. Beobachtungen zum Verhalten des Puffmusters im Normalstamm und bei zwei Mutanten, giant und lethal-giant-larvae. Chromosoma (Berl.) 10, 654–678 (1959).
Beermann, W.: Differentiation at the level of the chromosomes. In: Cell differentiation and morphogenesis, p. 24–54. Amsterdam-London: North-Holland Publishing Company 1966.
Beermann, W.: Effect of α-amanitine on puffing and intranuclear RNA synthesis in Chironomus salivary glands. Chromosoma (Berl.) 34, 152–167 (1971).
Beermann, W., Bahr, G. F.: The submicroscopic structure of the Balbiani ring. Exp. Cell Res. 6, 195–201 (1954).
Berendes, H. D.: Factors involved in the expression of gene activity in polytene chromosomes. Chromosoma (Berl.) 24, 418–437 (1968).
Berendes, H. D.: The control of puffing in Drosophila hydei. In: Developmental studies with giant chromosomes (W. Beermann, ed.). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972.
Berendes, H. D., Beermann, W.: Biochemical activity of interphase chromosomes (polytene chromosomes). In: Handbook of molecular cytology (A. Lima-de-Faria, ed.), p. 500–519. Amsterdam-London: North Holland Publishing Company 1969.
Berendes, H. D., Breugel, F. M. A. van, Holt, Th. K. H.: Experimental puffs in Drosophila hydei salivary gland chromosomes. Chromosoma (Berl.) 16, 35–47 (1965).
Clever, U.: Regulation of chromosome function. Ann. Rev. Genet. 2, 11–30 (1968).
Daneholt, B., Edström, H. E., Egyházi, E., Lambert, B., Ringborg, U.: RNA synthesis in a Balbiani ring in Chironomus tentans. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 35, 513–519 (1970).
Ellgaard, E. G., Clever, U.: RNA metabolism during puff induction. Chromosoma (Berl.) 36, 60–78 (1971).
Fiume, L., Wieland, Th.: Amanitins. Chemistry and action. FEBS Letters 8, 1–5 (1970).
Gall, J. G., Callan, H. G.: Structure and function of lampbrush chromosomes. Proc. 16th Int. Congr. Zool. 4, 280–282 (1963).
Holt, Th. K. H.: Local protein accumulation during gene activiation. I. Quantitative measurements on dye binding capacity at subsequent stages of puff formation in Drosophila hydei. Chromosoma (Berl.) 32, 64–78 (1970).
Holt, Th. K. H.: Local protein accumulation during gene activation. II. Interferometric measurements of the amount of solid material in temperature induced puffs of Drosophila hydei. Chromosoma (Berl.) 32, 428–435 (1971).
Holt, Th. K. H.: Effects of α-amanitin on nucleolar structure and metabolism in Drosophila hydei. Experimentia (Basel) submitted for publication (1972).
Jacob, S. T., Muecke, W., Sajdel, E. M., Munro, H. N.: Evidence for extranucleolar control of RNA synthesis in the nucleolus. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 40, 334–342 (1970).
Jacob, S. T., Sajdel, E. M., Munro, H. N.: Different responses of soluble whole nuclear RNA polymerase and soluble nuclear RNA polymerase to divalent actions and to inhibition by α-amanitin. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 38, 765–770 (1970).
Kedinger, C., Gniazdowski, M., Mandel, J. L., Gissinger, F., Chambon, P.: α-Amanitin: a specific inhibitor of two DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities from calf thymus. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 38, 165–171 (1970).
Kedinger, C., Naret, P., Chambon, P.: Structural evidence for two α-amanitin sensitive RNA polymerases in calf thymus. FEBS Letters 15, 169–174 (1971).
Lindell, T. J., Weinberg, F., Morris, P. W., Roeder, R. G., Rutter, W. J.: Specific inhibition of nuclear RNA polymerase II by α-amanitine. Science 170, 447–449 (1970).
Mancino, G., Nardi, I., Corvaja, N., Fiume, L., Marinozzi, V.: Effects of α-amanitin on Triturus lampbrush chromosomes. Exp. Cell Res. 64, 237–239 (1971).
Niessing, J., Schnieders, B., Kunz, W., Seifart, K. H., Sekeris, C. E.: Inhibition of RNA synthesis by α-amanitin in vivo. Z. Naturforsch. 25b, 1119–1125 (1970).
Pelling, C.: Puff RNA in polytene chromosomes. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 35, 521–531 (1970).
Poels, C. L. M.: Mucopolysaccharide secretion from Drosophila salivary gland cells as a consequence of hormone induced gene activity. Cell. Diff. 1 (in press, 1972).
Ringborg, U., Daneholt, B., Edström, J. E., Egyházi, E., Lambert, B.: Electrophoretic characterization of nucleolar RNA from Chironomus tentans salivary gland cells. J. molec. Biol. 51, 327–340 (1970).
Serfling, E., Wobus, U., Panitz, R.: Effect of α-amanitin on chromosomal and nucleolar RNA synthesis in Chironomus thummi polytene chromosomes. FEBS Letters 20, 148–152 (1972).
Stevens, B. J., Swift, H.: RNA transport from nucleus to cytoplasm in Chironomus salivary glands. J. Cell Biol. 31, 55–77 (1966).
Swift, H.: Molecular morphology of the chromosome. In: The Chromosome. In Vitro (C. J. Dawe, ed.) 1, 26–49. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, Co. 1965.
Vazquez-Nin, G., Bernhard, W.: Comparative ultrastruetural study of perichromatin- and balbiani ring granules. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 36, 842–860 (1971).
Wobus, U., Panitz, R., Serfling, E.: α-Amanitin: its effect on RNA synthesis in polytene chromosomes. Experientia (Basel) 27, 1202–1203 (1971).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Holt, T.K.H., Kuijpers, A.M.C. Induction of chromosome puffs in Drosophila hydei salivary glands after inhibition of RNA synthesis by α-amanitin. Chromosoma 37, 423–432 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00284891
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00284891