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Human bone matrix gelatin as a clinical alloimplant

A retrospective review of 160 cases

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Summary

Bone matrix gelatin, prepared by sequential chemical treatment including decalcification with 0.6 N hydrochloric acid [9], was used as an alloimplant for the treatment of benign bone tumours, tumorous conditions of bone, acetabular dysplasia, delayed union, traumatic bone defects and other disorders. The bone matrix gelatin implanted into bone defects was incorporated successfully in 98% of implantations, excluding cases of infection, tumour recurrence and recurrence of tumorous conditions. The material was also implanted into ten bone sites as an onlay but in five it was resorbed without new bone formation. The incorporation of the bone matrix gelatin into the recipient bed was completed from 6 to 33 months (average 14.9 months) after implantation. Wound infection complicated 5 of 165 implantations (3%) in previously uninfected sites. Low grade fever persisting after the tenth post-operative day (a probable sign of immunological reaction) occurred in 4 of 160 implantations (2.5%), excluding cases of infection. Alloimplants of bone matrix gelatin are thus effective in the treatment of bone defects. The risk of complication such as rejection or infection is low.

Résumé

Une gélatine de matrice osseuse préparée par un traitement chimique séquentiel comportant une décalcification par l'acide chlorhydrique a été utilisée comme implant allogène dans le traitement des tumeurs osseuses, bénignes ou malignes, des dysplasies acétabulaires, des retards de consolidation, des pertes de substance traumatique, etc. Cette gélatine de matrice osseuse mise en place dans les cavités osseuses a été réhabitée avec succès 97 fois sur 99 (98%), à l'exclusion des cas d'infection ou de récidive de la tumeur. L'implant a également été placé à la surface de l'os, en inlay, dans 10 cas mais il s'est résorbé 5 fois, sans formation d'os. La réhabitation a été obtenue dans un délai de 6 à 33 mois (14,9 en moyenne). Une infection est survenue 5 fois sur 165 implantations (3%) sur des lésions osseuses antérieurement aseptiques. Une fièvre modérée persistant plus de dix jours après l'opération (traduisant probablement une réaction immunologique) a été observée 4 fois sur 160 implantations (2,5%), à l'exclusion des cas infectés.

Les implants allogènes de matrice osseuse constituent donc un traitement efficace des pertes de substance osseuse avec un faible risque de complications, rejet ou infection.

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Kakiuchi, M., Hosoya, T., Takaoka, K. et al. Human bone matrix gelatin as a clinical alloimplant. International Orthopaedics 9, 181–188 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00268168

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