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The role of CD14 and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) in the activation of different cell types by endotoxin

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Conclusion

Recognition of LPS, one of the most potent prokaryotic stimulators of immune and non-immune cells of higher organisms, appears to be a complex and highly differentiated process. In CD14-positive cells a model involving two major elements for LPS recognition and uptake, i.e. LBP and cellular CD14, is becoming apparent. The involvement of LBP in the stimulation of CD14-negative cells, such as EC or SMC remains unclear, whereas in this case sCD14 appears to be the acceptor of LPS. In Fig. 2 these considerations are summarized in a simplified model. For both CD14-positive and CD14-negative cell systems, an as-yet-undefined membrane-associated receptor has been postulated, transducing the “endotoxin” signal into the cell. Further work is necessary to define this signal transduction protein and to ultimately clarify the cellular LPS recognition mechanism. The molecular characterization of LPS-binding, -transport and -signaling events will hopefully lead to long-awaited, and effective novel intervention strategies in endotoxemia and Gramnegative septic shock.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, D-13122, Berlin, Germany

    Ralf R. Schumann

  2. Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Institut für Experimentelle Biologie und Medizin, Parkallee 22, D-23845, Borstel, Germany

    Ernst T. Rietschel & Harald Loppnow

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Schumann, R.R., Rietschel, E.T. & Loppnow, H. The role of CD14 and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) in the activation of different cell types by endotoxin. Med Microbiol Immunol 183, 279–297 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196679

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