Skip to main content
Log in

Self-refuting theories of strategic interaction: A paradox of common knowledge

  • Published:
Erkenntnis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aumann, R. J.: 1976, ‘Agreeing to Disagree’, The Annals of Statistics 4, 1236–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bicchieri, C.: 1988a, ‘Strategic Behavior and Counterfactuals’, Synthese 75, 1–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bicchieri, C.: 1988b, ‘Common Knowledge and Backward Induction: A Solution to the Paradox’, in M. Vardi (ed.), Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Knowledge, Morgan Kaufman Publishers, Los Altos.

    Google Scholar 

  • Binmore, K.: 1987, ‘Modeling Rational Players’, Part I, Economics and Philosophy 3, 179–214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goffman, E.: 1969, Strategic Interaction, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, J. and Y. Moses: 1986, ‘Knowledge and Common Knowledge in a Distributed Environment’, Research Report, IBM Almaden Research Center.

  • Hintikka, J.: 1962, Knowledge and Belief, Cornell University Press, Cornell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kreps, D., P. Milgrom, J. Roberts and R. Wilson: 1982, ‘Rational Cooperation in the Repeated Prisoner's Dilemma’, Journal of Economic Theory 27, 245–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, H. W.: 1953, ‘Extensive Games and the Problem of Information’, in H. W. Kuhn and A. W. Tucker (eds.), Contributions to the Theory of Games, Princeton University Press, Princeton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, D.: 1969, Conventions, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luce, R. and H. Raiffa: 1957, Games and Decisions, Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reny, P.: 1987, ‘Rationality, Common Knowledge, and the Theory of Games’, mimeo, Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario.

  • Rosenthal, R.: 1981, ‘Games of Perfect Information, Predatory Pricing and the Chain-Store Paradox’, Journal of Ec. Th. 25, 92–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schelling, T.: 1960, The Strategy of Conflict, Oxford University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selten, R.: 1978, ‘The Chain-Store Paradox’, Theory and Decision 9, 127–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, T. and S. Werlang: 1986, ‘On Aumann's Notion of Common Knowledge—An Alternative Approach’, Working Paper 82-26, University of Chicago.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

I am grateful to Tommy Tan and Philip Reny for helping me appreciate the importance of common knowledge in games, and to Jon Elster and Michael Woodford for many useful comments. Financial support from National Science Foundation Grant SES 87-10209 is gratefully acknowledged.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bicchieri, C. Self-refuting theories of strategic interaction: A paradox of common knowledge. Erkenntnis 30, 69–85 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184816

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00184816

Keywords

Navigation