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Dynamic fracture initiation and propagation in 4340 steel under impact loading

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Abstract

Dynamic fracture initiation and propagation in 4340 steel was investigated experimentally using the optical method of reflected caustics combined with high speed photography. A new crack propagation testing configuration consisting of a three point bend specimen loaded in a drop weight tower was used. It was found that prior to crack initiation the stress intensity factor time record calculated using the dynamic tup load and a static formula disagrees with the actual stress intensity factor measured by caustics. During crack propagation, the crack tip velocity and stress intensity factor time records varied smoothly and repeatably allowing for a straightforward interpretation of the data. The experiments show that for the particular heat treatment of 4340 steel used, the dynamic fracture propagation toughness depends on crack tip velocity through a relation that is a material property.

Résumé

On a étudié par voie expérimentale l'amorçage dynamique et la propagation d'une rupture dans de l'acier 4340, en utilisant une méthode optique de caustiques réfléchies, combinée à l'emploi de la photographie à grande vitesse.

On a utilisé une nouvelle configuration d'essai de propagation de fissure, consistant en une éprouvette de flexion sur trois points mise en charge dans une installation d'essai Drop Weight. On a trouvé qu'avant amorçage de la tissure l'évolution dans le temps du facteur d'intensité de contraintes, calculée en utilisant l'impact de la charge dynamique et une formule applicable en conditions statiques, n'est pas en accord avec le facteur réel d'intensité de contraintes mesuré par la méthode des caustiques.

Au cours de la propagation de la propagation de la fissure, les enregistrements de la vitesse de l'extrémité de la crique et de l'évolution dans le temps du facteur d'intensité de contraintes varient de manière monotone et reproductible, ce qui permet une interprétation immédiate des données d'essais. Ces derniers montrent que, pour le traitement thermique particulier considére pour la nuance 4340, la ténacité vis-à-vis de la propagation d'une rupture dynamique dépend de la vitesse de l'extrémité de la crique, via une relation que est fonction des propriétés du matériau.

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Zehnder, A.T., Rosakis, A.J. Dynamic fracture initiation and propagation in 4340 steel under impact loading. Int J Fract 43, 271–285 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00035087

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00035087

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