Abstract
Carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas responsible for global warming, comes primarily from fossil fuel-based energy production, which is still prevalent today. Therefore, European countries are adopting several directives and guidelines, as well as promoting many pilot projects. In this context, the district heating powered by renewable sources is still considered a sustainable future energy infrastructure for cities to face environmental changes and pollution. A suitable energy generator for district heating systems is still combined heat and power plants, wherein the use of the waste as an energy source is still a promise. Several works in literature investigated the advantages of Waste-to-Energy to supply the energy demands of a city, underlining their impact on energy savings and environmental sustainability. However, districts and cities still require many efforts to shift from fuel-based energy systems to renewable source ones. In this framework, this study aims to develop a renewable and efficient energy system applied to an Italian neighbourhood. A Waste-to-Energy-Combined heat and power-based district heating is analyzed coupled with photovoltaic systems installation. Furthermore, hydrogen production and storage are also involved, to maximize the super-plus of energy obtained by the cogenerator plant. Results underline the positive impact of these strategies, in terms of energy savings and independence from fuel sources.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
United Nations: General Assembly of 6 December 1988, A/RES/43/53. https://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/43/a43r053.htm. A history of international climate change policy, overview
United Nations: The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2020. United Nations Publications, New York, NY, USA (2020)
BP: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2021. https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2021-full-report.pdf (2021). Consulted on 18 Oct 2021
UNFCC: The Paris Agreement. https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement (2015)
Nardecchia, F., Groppi, D., Astiaso Garcia, D., Bise-gna, F., de Santoli, L.: A new concept for a mini ducted wind turbine system. Renew. Energy 175, 610–624 (2021)
Nardecchia, F., Groppi, D., Lilliu, I., Astiaso Garcia, D., De Santoli, L.: Increasing energy production of a ducted wind turbine system. Wind Eng. 44(6), 560–576 (2020)
Pompei, L., Mattoni, B., Bisegna, F., Blaso, L., Fumagalli, S.: Evaluation of the energy consumption of an educational building, based on the UNI EN 15193-1:2017, varying different lighting control systems. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, EEEIC / I and CPS Europe 2020, p. 9160588 (2020)
Mattoni, B., Mangione, A., Pompei, L., Spinelli, F., Zinzi, M., et al.: An alternative method for the assessment of the typical lighting energy numeric indicator for different outdoor illuminance conditions. In: Building Simulation Conference Proceedings, vol. 2, pp. 1224–1230 (2019)
International Energy Agency, United Nations-Environment Programme: 2019 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction: Towards a Zero-Emission, Efficient and Resilient Buildings and Construction Sector (2019)
Cumo, F., Nardecchia, F., Agostinelli, S., Rosa, F.: Transforming a historic public office building in the Centre of Rome into nZEB: limits and potentials. Energies 15(3), 697 (2022)
Pompei, L., Nardecchia, F., Mattoni, B., Bisegna, F., Mangione, A.: Comparison between two energy dynamic tools: the impact of two different calculation procedures on the achievement of nZEBs requirements. In: Building Simulation Conference Proceedings, vol. 6, pp. 4259–4266 (2019)
Pompei, L., Nardecchia, F., Mattoni, B., Gugliermetti, L., Bisegna, F.: Combining the exergy and energy analysis for the assessment of district heating powered by renewable sources. In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2019 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, p. 8783426 (2019)
Zhang, L., Li, Y., Zhang, H., Xu, X., Yang, Z., Xu, W.: A review of the potential of district heating system in Northern China. Appl. Therm. Eng. 188, 116605 (2021)
Puschnigg, S., Jauschnik, G., Moser, S., Volkova, A., Linhart, M.: A review of low-temperature sub-networks in existing district heating networks: examples, conditions, replicability. Energy Rep. 6–9 (2021)
Werner, S.: International review of district heating and cooling. Energy 137, 617–631 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.045
Ravina, M., Panepinto, D., Zanetti, M.C., Genon, G.: Environmental analysis of a potential district heating network powered by a large-scale cogeneration plant. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 24(15), 13424–13436 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8863-2
Matak, N., Tomić, T., Schneider, D.R., Krajačić, G.: Integration of WtE and district cooling in existing Gas-CHP based district heating system—Central European city perspective. Smart Energy 4, 100043 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2021.100043
Persson, U., Möller, B., Werner, S.: Heat Roadmap Europe: identifying strategic heat synergy regions. Energy Policy 74, 663–681 (2014)
Dénarié, A., Fattori, F., Spirito, G., Macchi, S., Cirillo, V.F., Motta, M., et al.: Assessment of waste and renewable heat recovery in DH through GIS mapping: the national potential in Italy. Smart Energy 1 (2021)
Benedek, J., Sebestyén, T.-T., Bartók, B.: Evaluation of renewable energy sources in peripheral areas and renewable energy-based rural development. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 90, 516–535 (2018)
Rentizelas, A.A., Tolis, A.I., Tatsiopoulos, I.P.: Combined Municipal Solid Waste and biomass system optimization for district energy applications. Waste Manag. 34, 36–48 (2014)
Islam, S., Ponnambalam, S.G., Lam, H.L.: Energy management strategy for industries integrating small scale waste-to-energy and energy storage system under variable electricity pricing. J. Clean. Prod. 127, 352–362 (2015)
Pompei, L., Blaso, L., Fumagalli, S., Bisegna, F.: The impact of key parameters on the energy requirements for artificial lighting in Italian buildings based on standard EN 15193-1:2017. Energy Build. 263, 112025 (2022)
Mangialavori, M., Pompei, L., Nardecchia, F., Tronchin, L., Schibuola, L., et al.: Towards the definition of a sustainable Smart Model for the suburbs redevelopment. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, p. 9160674 (2020)
Pastore, L.M., Sforzini, M., Lo Basso, G., de Santoli, L.: H2NG environmental-energy-economic effects in hybrid energy systems for building refurbishment in future National Power to Gas scenarios. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 47, 11289–11301 (2022)
GME (Gestore dei servizi Energetici): https://www.mercatoelettrico.org/it/Statistiche/ME/DatiSintesi.aspx
Terna: https://www.terna.it/it/sistema-elettrico/transparency-report/total-load
IEA (International Energy Agency): https://www.iea.org/
Sever Akdag, A., Atımtay, A., Sanin, F.D.: Comparison of fuel value and combustion characteristics of two different RDF samples. Waste Manag. (2016)
European Commission Hydrogen Generation in Europe, overview of costs and key benefits (2020)
Procedura per la gestione degli incentivi ex certificati verdi. GSE (2017)
Pastore, L.M., Sforzini, M., Lo Basso, G., de Santoli: Heading towards 100% of renewable energy sources fraction: a critical overview on smart energy systems planning and flexibility measures. E3S Web Conf. 197, 01003 (2020)
Mauri, L., Vallati, A., Ocłoń, P.: Low impact energy saving strategies for individual heating systems in a modern residential building: a case study in Rome. J. Clean. Prod. 214, 791–802 (2019)
Vollaro, A.D.L., Galli, G., Vallati, A., Romagnoli, R.: Analysis of thermal field within an urban canyon with variable thermophysical characteristics of the building’s walls. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 655(1), 012056 (2015)
Acknowledgement
This work was carried out within the research projects number AR12117A8A48EA00 and AR12117A8A8E6664 promoted by Sapienza University of Rome and DIAEE (Department of Astronautical Electrical and Energy Engineering).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pompei, L., Nardecchia, F., Lanza, V., Pastore, L.M., de Santoli, L. (2023). Energy Communities: The Concept of Waste to Energy-CHP Based District Heating System for an Italian Residential District. In: Littlewood, J., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds) Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2022 . SEB 2022. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 336. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8769-4_37
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8769-4_37
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-8768-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-8769-4
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)