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Oxidative Stress and Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies

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Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1165))

Abstract

Oxidative stress results from the disruption of the redox system marked by a notable overproduction of reactive oxygen species. There are four major sources of reactive oxygen species, including NADPH oxidases, mitochondria, nitric oxide synthases, and xanthine oxidases. It is well known that renal abnormalities trigger the production of reactive oxygen species by diverse mechanisms under various pathologic stimuli, such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and metabolic disturbances. Mutually, accumulating evidences have identified that oxidative stress plays an essential role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis by myofibroblast activation as well as in glomerulosclerosis by mesangial sclerosis, podocyte abnormality, and parietal epithelial cell injury. Given the involvement of oxidative stress in renal fibrosis, therapies targeting oxidative stress seem promising in renal fibrosis management. In this review, we sketch the updated knowledge of the mechanisms of oxidative stress generation during renal diseases, the pathogenic processes of oxidative stress elicited renal fibrosis and treatments targeting oxidative stress during tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China

    Hua Su, Cheng Wan, Anni Song, Yang Qiu, Wei Xiong & Chun Zhang

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  2. Cheng Wan
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  3. Anni Song
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  4. Yang Qiu
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  5. Wei Xiong
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  6. Chun Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chun Zhang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Bi-Cheng Liu

  2. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

    Hui-Yao Lan

  3. Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Lin-Li Lv

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Su, H., Wan, C., Song, A., Qiu, Y., Xiong, W., Zhang, C. (2019). Oxidative Stress and Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies. In: Liu, BC., Lan, HY., Lv, LL. (eds) Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1165. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_29

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