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ALDH2 and Cardiovascular Disease

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Aldehyde Dehydrogenases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1193))

Abstract

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a non-cytochrome P450 mitochondrial aldehyde oxidizing enzyme. It is best known for its role in the metabolism of acetaldehyde, a common metabolite from alcohol drinking. More evidences have been accumulated in recent years to indicate a greater role of ALDH2 in the metabolism of other endogenous and exogenous aldehydes, especially lipid peroxidation-derived reactive aldehyde under oxidative stress. Many cardiovascular diseases are associated with oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction. Considering that an estimated 560 million East Asians carry a common ALDH2 deficient variant which causes the well-known alcohol flushing syndrome due to acetaldehyde accumulation, the importance of understanding the role of ALDH2 in these diseases should be highlighted. There are several unfavorable cardiovascular conditions that are associated with ALDH2 deficiency. This chapter reviews the function of ALDH2 in various pathological conditions of the heart in relation to aldehyde toxicity. It also highlights the importance and clinical implications of interaction between ALDH2 deficiency and alcohol drinking on cardiovascular disease among the East Asians.

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Acknowledgment

Che-Hong Chen is supported by R37 MERIT award NIH AAA11147 to Daria Mochly-Rosen, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, and Julio C.B. Ferreira is supported by FAPESP 2017/16694-2.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

    Che-Hong Chen & Daria Mochly-Rosen

  2. Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Julio C. B. Ferreira

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  1. Che-Hong Chen
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  2. Julio C. B. Ferreira
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  3. Daria Mochly-Rosen
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Correspondence to Daria Mochly-Rosen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Jun Ren

  2. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Yingmei Zhang

  3. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Junbo Ge

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Chen, CH., Ferreira, J.C.B., Mochly-Rosen, D. (2019). ALDH2 and Cardiovascular Disease. In: Ren, J., Zhang, Y., Ge, J. (eds) Aldehyde Dehydrogenases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1193. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6260-6_3

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