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Cavitation and Cavitation Erosion

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Advanced Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Cavitation Erosion Prediction

Part of the book series: Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications ((FMIA,volume 106))

Abstract

In this chapter, an introduction to cavitation and cavitation erosion is presented. Cavitation involves the development of various types of vapor structures (such as attached cavities, travelling bubbles, vortical cavities, bubble clouds) in liquid flow due to a drop in the local pressure below a critical value usually close to the vapor pressure. These structures generally originate from cavitation nuclei, typically gaseous microbubbles contained in the liquid. The critical pressure of a nucleus is defined as the particular value of the pressure below which no equilibrium is possible. If a nucleus is subject to pressure lower than its critical pressure, it will explosively grow into a macroscopic cavitation bubble. The bubble will collapse when transported by the liquid flow into regions of pressure recovery. If the collapse occurs near a wall, the resulting high amplitude and small duration impulsive loads may cause local damage. Repeated impulsive loads may cause increasing cavitation erosion damage. The response of the material to cavitation impulsive loads is discussed and material properties most relevant to cavitation erosion, such as sensitivity to strain rate, are presented.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. DYNAFLOW, INC., 10621-J Iron Bridge Road, Jessup, MD, USA

    Georges L. Chahine

  2. LEGI, Grenoble, France

    Jean-Pierre Franc

  3. EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Ayat Karimi

Authors
  1. Georges L. Chahine
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  2. Jean-Pierre Franc
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  3. Ayat Karimi
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Georges L. Chahine , Jean-Pierre Franc or Ayat Karimi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Office of Naval Research, Arlington, Virginia, USA

    Ki-Han Kim

  2. DYNAFLOW, Inc., Jessup, Maryland, USA

    Georges Chahine

  3. Laboratoire des Ecoulements Géophysiques et Industriels (LEGI), Grenoble, France

    Jean-Pierre Franc

  4. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland

    Ayat Karimi

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Chahine, G.L., Franc, JP., Karimi, A. (2014). Cavitation and Cavitation Erosion. In: Kim, KH., Chahine, G., Franc, JP., Karimi, A. (eds) Advanced Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Cavitation Erosion Prediction. Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, vol 106. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8539-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8539-6_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-017-8538-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-8539-6

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

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