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Soil and Plant Tests to Optimize Fertilizer Nitrogen Management of Potatoes

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Sustainable Potato Production: Global Case Studies

Abstract

Appropriate fertilizer nitrogen (N) management can optimize tuber yield and quality, and reduce the risk of environmental N losses. However, the optimal fertilizer N management can vary among fields and years. Plant- and soil-based tests are examined in this chapter as diagnostic tools to improve fertilizer N management in rain-fed potato production in eastern Canada. Plant-based diagnostic tests assess potato N sufficiency and can be used to guide in-season fertilizer N management. The nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) based on whole plants, the petiole nitrate concentration, and the leaf chlorophyll meter reading (SPAD) have been shown to successfully diagnose the level of potato N nutrition during the growing season in eastern Canada. The use of gene expression, a promising tool for a direct measurement of potato N sufficiency compared with chemical or optical methods, is also examined. Soil-based tests can be used to provide an estimate of soil N supply to adjust the at-planting fertilizer N rate. The use of pre-plant and in-season soil nitrate tests, ion exchange membranes, indices of soil mineralizable N, and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) are examined. A combination of a soil-based test to guide at-planting fertilizer N application and a plant-based test to guide in-season N management may be most effective.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, QC, Canada, G1V 2J3

    Noura Ziadi & Gilles Bélanger

  2. Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 850 Lincoln Rd., 20280, Fredericton, NB, Canada, E3B 4Z7

    Bernie J. Zebarth

  3. Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 979 de Bourgogne Ave., Quebec City, QC, Canada, G1W 2L4

    Athyna N. Cambouris

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  1. Noura Ziadi
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  2. Bernie J. Zebarth
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  3. Gilles Bélanger
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  4. Athyna N. Cambouris
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Correspondence to Noura Ziadi .

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  1. Southern Regional Research Center, Robert E. Lee Blvd 1100, New Orleans, 70124, Louisiana, USA

    Zhongqi He

  2. , New England Plant Soil and Water Lab, University of Maine, Orono, 04469, Maine, USA

    Robert Larkin

  3. Natural resources Conservation Service, 14th and Independence Ave., SW Rm.5006‐S, Washington, 20250, District of Columbia, USA

    Wayne Honeycutt

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Ziadi, N., Zebarth, B.J., Bélanger, G., Cambouris, A.N. (2012). Soil and Plant Tests to Optimize Fertilizer Nitrogen Management of Potatoes. In: He, Z., Larkin, R., Honeycutt, W. (eds) Sustainable Potato Production: Global Case Studies. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4104-1_11

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