Skip to main content

PCR Assays in Detecting Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococci: Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS), S. aureus, and MRSA with the PVL Gene

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 4128 Accesses

Abstract

Methicillin resistance, in particular hetero-methicillin resistance, in S aureus and the coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) can be difficult to detect by phenotypic methods. Subsequently detection of the mecA gene for determining methicillin resistance in staphylococci is generally considered to be the “Gold Standard”. In Australian diagnostic microbiology laboratories, molecular assays used for the detection of the mecA gene have generally been designed in-house. These assays have either been single primer PCR assays targeting the mecA gene or a duplex primer PCR assay with primers targeting the mecA gene and a gene specific for S. aureus such as the nuc (nuclease) or fem gene. In some laboratories a Panton Valentine-leukocidin (PVL) gene primer has been incorporated with the duplex PCR assay allowing the detection of PVL virulence genes in S aureus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Adams N (2005) Shortcut method for extraction of Staphylococcus aureus DNA from blood cultures and conventional cultures for use in real-time PCR assays. J Clin Microbiol 43:2932–2933

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Boyce JM, Havill NL (2008) Comparison of BD GeneOhm methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) PCR versus the CHROMagar MRSA assay for screening patients for the presence of MRSA strains. J Clin Microbiol 46:350–351

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Brakstad OG, Aasbakk K et al (1992) Detection of Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the nuc gene. J Clin Microbiol 30:1654–1660

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Coombs G, Kay I et al (1999) The role of multiplex mecA/nuc PCR for routine detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococci. Aust Soc Antimicrob Newslett 1:3–4

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fong H, Hedin G (2003) Rapid screening and identification of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical samples by selective-broth and real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 41:2894–2899

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Francois P, Pittet D et al (2003) Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus directly from sterile or non-sterile clinical samples by a new molecular assay. J Clin Microbiol 41:254–260

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. MacDonald RR, Antonshyn NA et al (2005) Development of a triplex real-time PCR assay for detection of Panton-valentine leukocidin toxin genes in clinical isolates methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 43:6147–6149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Merlino J, Watson J et al (2002) Detection and expression of methicillin/oxacillin resistance in multi-drug and non-multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Central Sydney, Australia. J Antimicrob Chemother 49:793–801

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Paule SM, Hacek DM et al (2008) MRSA detection: comparison of two molecular methods (BD GeneOhm® PCR assay and Easy-Plex) with two selective MRSA agars (MRSA-ID and Oxoid MRSA) for nasal swabs. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 45:2993–2998

    Google Scholar 

  10. Wolk DM, Picton E et al (2009) Multicenter evaluation of the cepheid xpert methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) test as a rapid screening method for detection of MRSA in nares. J Clin Microbiol 47:758–764

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John Merlino .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Merlino, J., Kay, I.D., Coombs, G., Palladino, S. (2010). PCR Assays in Detecting Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococci: Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS), S. aureus, and MRSA with the PVL Gene. In: Schuller, M., Sloots, T., James, G., Halliday, C., Carter, I. (eds) PCR for Clinical Microbiology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9039-3_72

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics