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Diabetes and O-GlcNAcylation

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Glycoscience: Biology and Medicine

Abstract

O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification (O-GlcNAcylation) of proteins is a dynamic posttranslational modification which occurs in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Increase of O-GlcNAcylation is involved in the glucose toxicity and chronic hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance, a major hallmark of type 2 diabetes. O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by the concerted actions of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Studies on the overexpression of OGT and knockdown of OGA demonstrate that elevation of O-GlcNAcylation through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway plays an important role in the development of glucose resistance and diabetic complications. This chapter overviews the role of O-GlcNAc in the type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications and the methods of analysis of O-GlcNAcylation in diabetes.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 181-8611, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoshihiro Akimoto & Hayato Kawakami

  2. Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, 173-0015, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Yuri Miura

  3. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan

    Tamao Endo

  4. Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St. 515 WBSB, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Gerald W. Hart

Authors
  1. Yoshihiro Akimoto
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  2. Yuri Miura
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  3. Tamao Endo
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  4. Hayato Kawakami
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  5. Gerald W. Hart
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshihiro Akimoto .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Naoyuki Taniguchi

  2. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan

    Tamao Endo

  3. Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Gerald W. Hart

  4. Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany

    Peter H. Seeberger

  5. Academica Sinica, NanKang, T´ai-pei, Taiwan

    Chi-Huey Wong

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© 2015 Springer Japan

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Akimoto, Y., Miura, Y., Endo, T., Kawakami, H., Hart, G.W. (2015). Diabetes and O-GlcNAcylation. In: Taniguchi, N., Endo, T., Hart, G., Seeberger, P., Wong, CH. (eds) Glycoscience: Biology and Medicine. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54841-6_84

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