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Mechanisms of Microthrombosis and Microcirculatory Constriction After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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Cerebral Vasospasm: Neurovascular Events After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 115))

Abstract

Microcirculatory dysfunction may contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study investigated structural changes in microvessels and their relationship to brain injury after SAH. We used 15 mice (n = 5 for each group) to create sham, saline-injected (100 μl 0.9% NaCl) or SAH (100 μl autologous blood) model by injection into the prechiasmatic cistern. We sacrificed mice 2 days after surgery and examined the brains using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunohistochemical staining of fibrinogen. We assessed neuronal apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP (deoxyuridine triphosphate) nick end labeling (TUNEL). Nitric oxide (NO) was measured with 4,5-diaminofluorescein-2-diacetate. TEM and SEM demonstrated that mice with SAH had significantly more of them arterioles with lesion characteristics consistent with microthrombi. Microthrombi number correlated with the number of apoptotic neurons and decreased NO in the brain. In conclusion, SAH causes microthrombosis and constriction of arterioles, which correlates with neuronal death and decreased NO. These data suggest NO depletion may contribute to the formation of microthrombosis and arteriolar constriction, which in turn results in neuronal cell death.

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Acknowledgement

This research was funded by Physicians Services Incorporated Foundation and Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.

Conflicts of Interest Statement

We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Mohammed Sabri B.Sc. & Katarina Lakovic B.Sc.

  2. Division of Neurosurgery, Labatt Family Centre of Excellence in Brain Injury and Trauma Research, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada

    Jinglu Ai Ph.D. & R. Loch Macdonald M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    R. Loch Macdonald M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Mohammed Sabri B.Sc.
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  2. Jinglu Ai Ph.D.
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  3. Katarina Lakovic B.Sc.
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  4. R. Loch Macdonald M.D., Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Loch Macdonald M.D., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Stetson, Suite 2200 260, Cincinnati, 45267-0515, Ohio, USA

    Mario Zuccarello

  2. College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Albert Sabin Way 231MSB room 1, Cincinnati, 46267-0536, Ohio, USA

    Joseph F. Clark

  3. College of Medicine, Dept. of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Albert Sabin Way 231ML0517, Cincinnati, 45267-0517, Ohio, USA

    Gail Pyne-Geithman

  4. College of Medicine, Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Stetson St. Suite 260ML0515, Cincinnati, 45219, Ohio, USA

    Norberto Andaluz

  5. College of Medicine, Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Stetson, Suite 2200 260, Cincinnati, 45219, Ohio, USA

    Jed A. Hartings

  6. , Dept. of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Albert Sabin Way 231ML0769, Cincinnati, 45267-0769, Ohio, USA

    Opeolu M. Adeoye

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien

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Sabri, M., Ai, J., Lakovic, K., Macdonald, R.L. (2013). Mechanisms of Microthrombosis and Microcirculatory Constriction After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. In: Zuccarello, M., Clark, J., Pyne-Geithman, G., Andaluz, N., Hartings, J., Adeoye, O. (eds) Cerebral Vasospasm: Neurovascular Events After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 115. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1192-5_35

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1192-5_35

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-1191-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-1192-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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