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Reasoning Web International Summer School

Reasoning Web 2009: Reasoning Web. Semantic Technologies for Information Systems pp 255–356Cite as

Ontologies and Databases: The DL-Lite Approach

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 5689))

Abstract

Ontologies provide a conceptualization of a domain of interest. Nowadays, they are typically represented in terms of Description Logics (DLs), and are seen as the key technology used to describe the semantics of information at various sites. The idea of using ontologies as a conceptual view over data repositories is becoming more and more popular, but for it to become widespread in standard applications, it is fundamental that the conceptual layer through which the underlying data layer is accessed does not introduce a significant overhead in dealing with the data. Based on these observations, in recent years a family of DLs, called DL-Lite, has been proposed, which is specifically tailored to capture basic ontology and conceptual data modeling languages, while keeping low complexity of reasoning and of answering complex queries, in particular when the complexity is measured w.r.t. the size of the data. In this article, we present a detailed account of the major results that have been achieved for the DL-Lite family. Specifically, we concentrate on \(DL-Lite_{\mathcal{A},id}\), an expressive member of this family, present algorithms for reasoning and query answering over \(DL-Lite_{\mathcal{A},id}\) ontologies, and analyze their computational complexity. Such algorithms exploit the distinguishing feature of the logics in the DL-Lite family, namely that ontology reasoning and answering unions of conjunctive queries is first-order rewritable, i.e., it can be delegated to a relational database management system. We analyze also the effect of extending the logic with typical DL constructs, and show that for most such extensions, the nice computational properties of the DL-Lite family are lost. We address then the problem of accessing relational data sources through an ontology, and present a solution to the notorious impedance mismatch between the abstract objects in the ontology and the values appearing in data sources. The solution exploits suitable mappings that create the objects in the ontology from the appropriate values extracted from the data sources. Finally, we discuss the QUONTO system that implements all the above mentioned solutions and is wrapped by the DIG-QUONTO server, thus providing a standard DL reasoner for \(DL-Lite_{\mathcal{A},id}\) with extended functionality to access external data sources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. KRDB Research Centre, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy

    Diego Calvanese & Mariano Rodriguez-Muro

  2. Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy

    Giuseppe De Giacomo, Domenico Lembo, Maurizio Lenzerini, Antonella Poggi & Riccardo Rosati

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  1. Diego Calvanese
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Free University of Bozen - Bolzano, Piazza Domenicani 3, 39100, Bolzano, Italy

    Sergio Tessaris

  2. Faculty of Computer Science, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Domenicani 3, I-39100, Bozen-Bolzano, BZ, Italy

    Enrico Franconi

  3. Institut für Informationssysteme, Technische Universität Wien, Favoritenstraße 9-11, A-1040, Vienna, Austria

    Thomas Eiter

  4. Depto. de Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2120, Santiago, Chile

    Claudio Gutierrez

  5. Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway

    Siegfried Handschuh

  6. University of Grenoble, LSR-IMAG, BP 72, 38402, St Martin d’Heres Cedex, France

    Marie-Christine Rousset

  7. School of Computer Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Renate A. Schmidt

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Calvanese, D. et al. (2009). Ontologies and Databases: The DL-Lite Approach. In: Tessaris, S., et al. Reasoning Web. Semantic Technologies for Information Systems. Reasoning Web 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5689. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03754-2_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-03753-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-03754-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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