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Advances in Geroscience pp 309–353Cite as

Osteoarthritis in the Elderly

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of chronic disability in older adults. It is a slowly progressive degenerative disorder of articular joints that has multiple etiologies with age being a key factor. Osteoarthritis most commonly affects the hands, knees, hips and spine with knee osteoarthritis representing a major cause of pain and activity limitation. Current therapies are focused on symptom relief while interventions proven to slow or stop the structural progression of the disease are not yet available. No longer considered a “wear and tear” condition that is an inevitable consequence of aging, it is becoming increasingly evident that osteoarthritis has elements of chronic inflammation associated with an imbalance in anabolic and catabolic activity within affected joint tissues. Age-related changes in the cells and tissues of the joint, including cell senescence, oxidative stress, a decline in autophagy, epigenetic alterations, and matrix damage all appear to contribute to the development and progression of osteoarthritis. Which of these may serve as effective targets will be a key question to address in the search for disease modifying interventions.

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Acknowledgments

Work in the Loeser laboratory was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AG044034 and AR049003. Work in the Lotz laboratory was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AG007996.

Editor: John Williams, National Institute on Aging (NIA), NIH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7280, USA

    Richard F. Loeser MD

  2. Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    Martin Lotz MD

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Correspondence to Richard F. Loeser MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Inst. of Aging Division of Aging Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Felipe Sierra

  2. National Inst on Aging/ National Inst of Health, Division of Aging Biology, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Ronald Kohanski

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Loeser, R.F., Lotz, M. (2016). Osteoarthritis in the Elderly. In: Sierra, F., Kohanski, R. (eds) Advances in Geroscience. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23246-1_11

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