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Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide pp 85–110Cite as

H2S and Blood Vessels: An Overview

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 230))

Abstract

The physiological and biomedical importance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been fully recognized in the cardiovascular system as well as in the rest of the body. In blood vessels, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) is a major H2S-producing enzyme expressed in both smooth muscle and endothelium as well as periadventitial adipose tissues. Regulation of H2S production from CSE is controlled by a complex integration of transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational mechanisms in blood vessels. In smooth muscle cells, H2S regulates cell apoptosis, phenotypic switch, relaxation and contraction, and calcification. In endothelial cells, H2S controls cell proliferation, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, inflammation, etc. H2S interacts with nitric oxide and acts as an endothelium-derived relaxing factor and an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. H2S generated from periadventitial adipose tissues acts as an adipocyte-derived relaxing factor and modulates the vascular tone. Extensive evidence has demonstrated the beneficial roles of the CSE/H2S system in various blood vessel diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and aortic aneurysm. The important roles signaling in the cardiovascular system merit further intensive and extensive investigation. H2S-releasing agents and CSE activators will find their great applications in the prevention and treatment of blood vessel-related disorders.

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Acknowledgment

The study has been supported by an operating grant to RW from Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a New Investigator award to GY from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

    Guangdong Yang & Rui Wang

  2. School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

    Guangdong Yang

  3. Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

    Rui Wang

Authors
  1. Guangdong Yang
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  2. Rui Wang
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Correspondence to Rui Wang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Philip K. Moore

  2. ST. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom

    Matt Whiteman

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Yang, G., Wang, R. (2015). H2S and Blood Vessels: An Overview. In: Moore, P., Whiteman, M. (eds) Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 230. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18144-8_4

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