Skip to main content

Dynamic Scripting with Team Coordination in Air Combat Simulation

  • Conference paper
Modern Advances in Applied Intelligence (IEA/AIE 2014)

Abstract

Traditionally, behavior of Computer Generated Forces (CGFs) is controlled through scripts. Building such scripts requires time and expertise, and becomes harder as the domain becomes richer and more life-like. These downsides can be reduced by automatically generating behavior for CGFs using machine learning techniques. This paper focuses on Dynamic Scripting (DS), a technique tailored to generating agent behavior. DS searches for an optimal combination of rules from a rule base. Under the assumption that intra-team coordination leads to more effective learning, we propose an extension of DS, called DS+C, with explicit coordination. In a comparison with regular DS we find that the addition of team coordination results in earlier convergence to optimal behavior. In addition, we achieved a performance increase of 20% against an unpredictable opponent. With DS+C, behavior for CGFs can be generated that is more effective since the CGFs act on knowledge achieved by coordination and the behavior converges more efficiently than with regular DS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Laird, J.E.: An exploration into computer games and computer generated forces. In: Eighth Conference on Computer Generated Forces and Behavior Representation (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fletcher, J.D.: Education and training technology in the military. Science 323, 72–75 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Roessingh, J.J., Merk, R.-J., Huibers, P., Meiland, R., Rijken, R.: Smart Bandits in air-to-air combat training: Combining different behavioural models in a common architecture. In: 21st Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, Amelia Island, Florida, USA (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Benjamin, P., Graul, M., Akella, K.: Towards Adaptive Scenario Management (ASM). In: The Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation & Education Conference (I/ITSEC), pp. 1478–1487. National Training Systems Association (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  5. De Kraker, K.J., Kerbusch, P., Borgers, E.: Re-usable behavior specifications for tactical doctrine. In: Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (BRIMS 2009), Sundance, Utah, USA, pp. 15–22 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Koopmanschap, R., Hoogendoorn, M., Roessingh, J.J.: Learning Parameters for a Cognitive Model on Situation Awareness. In: The 26th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering & Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, pp. 22–32 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Spronck, P., Ponsen, M., Sprinkhuizen-Kuyper, I., Postma, E.: Adaptive game AI with dynamic scripting. Mach. Learn. 63, 217–248 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Van der Sterren, W.: Squad Tactics: Team AI and Emergent Maneuvers. In: Rabin, S. (ed.) AI Game Programming Wisdom, pp. 233–246. Charles River Media, Inc. (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Stone, P., Veloso, M.: Multiagent systems: A survey from a machine learning perspective. Auton. Robots. 8, 345–383 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Balch, T., Arkin, R.C.: Communication in reactive multiagent robotic systems. Auton. Robots 1, 27–52 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Szita, I., Ponsen, M., Spronck, P.: Effective and Diverse Adaptive Game AI. IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games 1, 16–27 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Toubman, A., Roessingh, J.J., Spronck, P., Plaat, A., van den Herik, J. (2014). Dynamic Scripting with Team Coordination in Air Combat Simulation. In: Ali, M., Pan, JS., Chen, SM., Horng, MF. (eds) Modern Advances in Applied Intelligence. IEA/AIE 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8481. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07455-9_46

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07455-9_46

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-07454-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-07455-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics