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Applications of the Inverse Problem of Pollution Propagation

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Book cover Preventive Methods for Coastal Protection

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Abstract

The quantification of the potential of different offshore domains to serve as a remote source of danger to the vulnerable areas through pollution propagation is developed into a technique for the environmental management of open sea regions. The technique focuses on the identification of areas (of reduced risk) that provide the lowest level of environmental concerns for offshore activities. An approximate solution to the relevant inverse problem is constructed by means of statistical analysis of a large number of Lagrangian trajectories of pollution particles. The method contains an eddy-resolving circulation model, a scheme for the tracking of Lagrangian trajectories, a technique for the calculation of quantities characterizing the potential of different sea areas to supply adverse impacts, and routines to construct the optimum fairway. The distributions of the probability of current-driven transport of pollution to vulnerable domains and its propagation time are used for the optimization of the location of potentially dangerous activities. This technique is applied for the optimization of marine fairways to minimize the risk to high-value areas in two regions of the Baltic Sea. The environmental advantage is expressed in terms of the probability of pollution transport to the nearshore and the associated time (particle age). In the Gulf of Finland the use of the optimum fairway would decrease the probability of coastal pollution by 40 % or increase the average time it takes for the pollution to reach the coast from 5.3 to about 9 days.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    We shall use the notion Baltic Proper to denote the Eastern, Northern and Western Gotland Basin (Table 2.1 in Chap. 2), Bornholm Basin and Gdańsk Bay.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the funding from the Estonian Science Foundation and the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (2007–2013) under grant agreement No. 217246 made with the joint Baltic Sea research and development programme BONUS. The BalticWay project attempted to identify the regions in the Baltic Sea that are associated with increased risk compared to other sea areas and to propose ways to reduce the risk of them being polluted by placing activities in other areas that may provide less risk. The research was also partially supported by the Marie Curie RTN SEAMOCS (MRTN-CT-2005-019374), the Marie Curie Transfer of Knowledge project CENS-CMA (MC-TK-013909), Marie Curie Reintegration Grant ESTSpline (PERG02-GA-2007-224819), the targeted financing by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Science (grants SF0140077s08 and SF0140007s14) and the Estonian Science Foundation (grant No. 7413). The contribution of Anders Anbo towards the application of the TRACMASS model in the Institute of Cybernetics and the help from Kristofer Döös during its use are gratefully acknowledged. The Wave Engineering Laboratory team is deeply grateful to Markus Meier and Anders Höglund (SMHI) who provided the RCO model data and meteorological forcing in the framework of the BONUS cooperation.

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  1. Wave Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Cybernetics at Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 21, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia

    Tarmo Soomere

  2. Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130, Tallinn, Estonia

    Tarmo Soomere

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  1. Inst. Cybernetics, Laboratory of Wave Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 21, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia

    Tarmo Soomere

  2. Inst. Cybernetics, Laboratory of Wave Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 21, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia

    Ewald Quak

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Soomere, T. (2013). Applications of the Inverse Problem of Pollution Propagation. In: Soomere, T., Quak, E. (eds) Preventive Methods for Coastal Protection. Springer, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00440-2_10

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