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Sarcopenia and Ageing

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Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part IV, Clinical Science

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 103))

Abstract

Musculoskeletal ageing is a major health challenge as muscles and bones constitute around 55–60% of body weight. Ageing muscles will result in sarcopenia that is characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse outcomes. In recent years, a few consensus panels provide new definitions for sarcopenia. It was officially recognized as a disease in 2016 with an ICD-10-CM disease code, M62.84, in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). With the new definitions, there are many studies emerging to investigate the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, exploring new interventions to treat sarcopenia and evaluating the efficacy of combination treatments for sarcopenia. The scope of this chapter is to summarize and appraise the evidence in terms of (1) clinical signs, symptoms, screening, and diagnosis, (2) pathogenesis of sarcopenia with emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction, intramuscular fat infiltration and neuromuscular junction deterioration, and (3) current treatments with regard to physical exercises and nutritional supplement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Keith Yu-Kin Cheng, Zhengyuan Bao, Yufeng Long, Chaoran Liu, Tao Huang, Can Cui, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Ronald Man Yeung Wong & Wing-Hoi Cheung

  2. Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China

    Zhengyuan Bao

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow

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  1. Keith Yu-Kin Cheng
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  2. Zhengyuan Bao
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  3. Yufeng Long
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  4. Chaoran Liu
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  5. Tao Huang
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  6. Can Cui
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  7. Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
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  8. Ronald Man Yeung Wong
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  9. Wing-Hoi Cheung
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Correspondence to Wing-Hoi Cheung .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Molecular Physiology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany

    J. Robin Harris

  2. Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    Viktor I. Korolchuk

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Cheng, K.YK. et al. (2023). Sarcopenia and Ageing. In: Harris, J.R., Korolchuk, V.I. (eds) Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part IV, Clinical Science. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 103. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_6

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