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Eco-Epidemiology of Vector-Borne Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Domestic Habitats

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Triatominae - The Biology of Chagas Disease Vectors

Part of the book series: Entomology in Focus ((ENFO,volume 5))

Abstract

Triatomine species largely differ in their degrees of adaptation to thrive in domestic habitats, blood-feed on humans, and transmit Trypanosoma cruzi. Pathogen transmission dynamics are shaped by ecological, biological, and social factors. Here we link housing quality and host availability to the host-feeding patterns of domestic triatomines and examine how their blood-feeding performance affects temperature-dependent vital rates and bug population dynamics. The stability/instability habitat divide connects with the large/small triatomine population size dichotomy and on whether bug population dynamics are density-dependent or density-independent and dominated by stochasticity. Seasonal variations in temperature acting on triatomine blood-feeding activity and human-vector contact rates determined the spring peak of symptomatic acute cases of Chagas disease in northern Argentina across four decades. The presence of domestic animals (dogs, cats, and chickens) and commensal rodents increases domestic infestation, vector infection, and parasite transmission across multiple settings and triatomine species. Both ecological and social factors contribute to human infection risk through social vulnerability, mobility patterns, and housing instability. Understanding the interactions among eco-bio-social factors may lead to the design and implementation of improved, sustainable disease control or elimination strategies.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Carla Cecere, Sol Gaspe, Gustavo Enriquez, Yael Provecho, Paula Sartor, and Natalia Macchiaverna for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the University of Buenos Aires (UBACYT 20020130100843BA), PICT 2014-2661 and PICT 2015-2921.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ricardo E. Gürtler, María del Pilar Fernández & Marta Victoria Cardinal

  2. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ricardo E. Gürtler, María del Pilar Fernández & Marta Victoria Cardinal

  3. Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    María del Pilar Fernández

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  1. Ricardo E. Gürtler
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  2. María del Pilar Fernández
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Correspondence to Ricardo E. Gürtler .

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  1. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Alessandra Guarneri

  2. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Marcelo Lorenzo

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Gürtler, R.E., del Pilar Fernández, M., Cardinal, M.V. (2021). Eco-Epidemiology of Vector-Borne Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Domestic Habitats. In: Guarneri, A., Lorenzo, M. (eds) Triatominae - The Biology of Chagas Disease Vectors . Entomology in Focus, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64548-9_17

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