Abstract
Mechanical properties of primary Al3Zr crystals and their in situ fragmentation behaviour under the influence of a single laser induced cavitation bubble have been investigated using nanoindentation and high-speed imaging techniques, respectively. Linear loading of 10 mN was applied to the intermetallics embedded in the Al matrix using a geometrically well-defined diamond nano-indenter to obtain the mechanical properties at room temperature conditions. Primary Al3Zr crystals were also extracted by dissolving the aluminium matrix of an Al-3wt% Zr alloy. The extracted primary crystals were also subjected to cavitation action in deionized water to image the fracture sequence in real time. Fragmentation of the studied intermetallics was recorded at 500,000 frames per second. Results showed that the intermetallic crystals fail by brittle fracture mode most likely due to the repeatedly-generated shock waves from the collapsing bubbles. The results were interpreted in terms of fracture mechanics using the nanoindentation results.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
D. G. Eskin, I. Tzanakis, F. Wang, G. S. B. Lebon, T. Subroto, K. Pericleous, and J. Mi, “Fundamental studies of ultrasonic melt processing,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 52, pp. 455–467, Apr. 2019.
F. Wang, I. Tzanakis, D. Eskin, J. Mi, and T. Connolley, “In situ observation of ultrasonic cavitation-induced fragmentation of the primary crystals formed in Al alloys,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 39, no. March, pp. 66–76, 2017.
F. Wang, D. Eskin, T. Connolley, and J. Mi, “Effect of ultrasonic melt treatment on the refinement of primary Al3Ti intermetallic in an Al-0.4Ti alloy,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 435, pp. 24–30, 2016.
G. I. Eskin and D. G. Eskin, “Production of natural and synthesized aluminum-based composite materials with the aid of ultrasonic (cavitation) treatment of the melt,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 10, no. 4–5, pp. 297–301, Jul. 2003.
T. V. Atamanenko, D. G. Eskin, L. Zhang, and L. Katgerman, “Criteria of Grain Refinement Induced by Ultrasonic Melt Treatment of Aluminum Alloys Containing Zr and Ti,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 2056–2066, Aug. 2010.
G. I. Eskin and D. G. Eskin, “Some control mechanisms of spatial solidification in light alloys,” Zeitschrift für Met., vol. 95, no. 8, pp. 682–690, Aug. 2004.
G. I. Eskin, “Broad prospects for commercial application of the ultrasonic (cavitation) melt treatment of light alloys,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 319–325, Jul. 2001.
G. M. Swallowe, J. E. Field, C. S. Rees, and A. Duckworth, “A photographic study of the effect of ultrasound on solidification,” Acta Metall., vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 961–967, Mar. 1989.
D. Shu, B. Sun, J. Mi, and P. S. Grant, “A High-Speed Imaging and Modeling Study of Dendrite Fragmentation Caused by Ultrasonic Cavitation,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 3755–3766, Oct. 2012.
R. Chow, R. Blindt, A. Kamp, P. Grocutt, and R. Chivers, “The microscopic visualisation of the sonocrystallisation of ice using a novel ultrasonic cold stage,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 11, no. 3–4, pp. 245–250, May 2004.
R. M. Wagterveld, L. Boels, M. J. Mayer, and G. J. Witkamp, “Visualization of acoustic cavitation effects on suspended calcite crystals,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 216–225, Jan. 2011.
B. Wang, D. Tan, T. L. Lee, J. C. Khong, F. Wang, D. Eskin, T. Connolley, K. Fezzaa, and J. Mi, “Ultrafast synchrotron X-ray imaging studies of microstructure fragmentation in solidification under ultrasound,” Acta Materialia, vol. 144. pp. 505–515, 2018.
W. W. Xu, I. Tzanakis, P. Srirangam, S. Terzi, W. U. Mirihanage, D. G. Eskin, R. H. Mathiesen, A. P. Horsfield, and P. D. Lee, “In Situ Synchrotron Radiography of Ultrasound Cavitation in a Molten Al-10Cu Alloy,” in TMS 2015 144th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, 2015, pp. 61–66.
F. Wang, D. Eskin, J. Mi, C. Wang, B. Koe, A. King, C. Reinhard, and T. Connolley, “A synchrotron X-radiography study of the fragmentation and refinement of primary intermetallic particles in an Al-35 Cu alloy induced by ultrasonic melt processing,” Acta Materialia, vol. 141. pp. 142–153, 2017.
I. Tzanakis, W. W. Xu, G. S. B. Lebon, D. G. Eskin, K. Pericleous, and P. D. Lee, “In situ synchrotron radiography and spectrum analysis of transient cavitation bubbles in molten aluminium alloy,” Phys. Procedia, vol. 70, no. 0, pp. 841–845, 2015.
W. W. Xu, I. Tzanakis, P. Srirangam, W. U. Mirihanage, D. G. Eskin, A. J. Bodey, and P. D. Lee, “Synchrotron quantification of ultrasound cavitation and bubble dynamics in Al-10Cu melts,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 31, pp. 355–361, 2016.
I. Tzanakis, D. G. Eskin, A. Georgoulas, and D. K. Fytanidis, “Incubation pit analysis and calculation of the hydrodynamic impact pressure from the implosion of an acoustic cavitation bubble,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 866–878, 2014.
S. Zhen and G. J. Davies, “Observations of the growth morphology of the intermetallic compound Al3Zr,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 407–410, Nov. 1983.
M. Conte, G. Mohanty, J. J. Schwiedrzik, J. M. Wheeler, B. Bellaton, J. Michler, and N. X. Randall, “Novel high temperature vacuum nanoindentation system with active surface referencing and non-contact heating for measurements up to 800 °C,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 90, no. 4, p. 045105, Apr. 2019.
K. Johansen, J. H. Song, K. Johnston, and P. Prentice, “Deconvolution of acoustically detected bubble-collapse shock waves,” Ultrasonics, vol. 73, pp. 144–153, 2017.
W. C. Oliver and G. M. Pharr, “An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments,” J. Mater. Res., vol. 7, no. 06, pp. 1564–1583, Jun. 1992.
A. Vogel, S. Busch, and U. Parlitz, “Shock wave emission and cavitation bubble generation by picosecond and nanosecond optical breakdown in water,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 100, no. 1, pp. 148–165, Jul. 1996.
D. De Fontaine, “Cluster Approach to Order-Disorder Transformations in Alloys,” Solid State Phys., vol. 47, pp. 33–176, Jan. 1994.
M. Janssen, J. Zuidema, and R. Wanhill, Fracture mechanics. Spon Press, 2004.
Acknowledgements
The authors are sincerely thankful to the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for the financial support received from the UltraMelt2 project (grant EP/R011044/1, EP/R011095/1 and EP/R011001/1). The authors also acknowledge the help received from Anton Paar, Switzerland for the nanoindentation experiments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
About this paper
Cite this paper
Priyadarshi, A. et al. (2020). Nanoindentation and Cavitation-Induced Fragmentation Study of Primary Al3Zr Intermetallics Formed in Al Alloys. In: Tomsett, A. (eds) Light Metals 2020. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-36407-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-36408-3
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)