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Genetic Analysis of Circulating Tumour Cells

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Tumor Liquid Biopsies

Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 215))

Abstract

The classification of human cancers has traditionally relied on the tissue of origin, the histologic appearance and anatomical extent of disease, otherwise referred to as grade and stage. However, this system fails to explain the highly variable clinical behaviour seen for any one cancer. Molecular characterization through techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) has led to an appreciation of the extreme genetic heterogeneity that underlies most human cancers. Because of the difficulties associated with fresh tissue biopsy, interest has increased in using circulating tumour material, such as circulating tumour cells (CTCs), as a non-invasive way to access tumour tissue. CTC enumeration has been demonstrated to have prognostic value in metastatic breast, colon and prostate cancers. Recent studies have also shown that CTCs are suitable material for molecular characterization, using techniques such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and NGS. Furthermore, genetic analysis of CTCs may be more suitable to study tumour heterogeneity and clonal evolution than fresh tissue biopsy. Whether blood-based biopsy techniques will be accepted as a replacement to fresh tissue biopsies remains to be seen, but there is reason for optimism. While significant barriers to this acceptance exist, blood-based biopsy techniques appear to be reliable and representative alternatives to fresh tissue biopsy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Institute of Cancer Research, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK

    Michael Paul Kolinsky, Maryou Lambros, Veronica Gil, Daniel Nava Rodrigues, Suzanne Carreira, Zafeiris Zafeiriou & Johann Sebastian de Bono

  2. Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T61Z2, Canada

    Michael Paul Kolinsky

  3. University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany

    Nikolas Stoecklein

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  1. Michael Paul Kolinsky
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  2. Nikolas Stoecklein
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  4. Veronica Gil
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Correspondence to Johann Sebastian de Bono .

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  1. Cancéropôle Est , Strasbourg, France

    Florence Schaffner

  2. Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, CNRS UMR7039 CRAN, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Jean-Louis Merlin

  3. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany

    Nikolas von Bubnoff

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Kolinsky, M.P. et al. (2020). Genetic Analysis of Circulating Tumour Cells. In: Schaffner, F., Merlin, JL., von Bubnoff, N. (eds) Tumor Liquid Biopsies. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 215. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26439-0_3

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