Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cancer in the Kidney Transplant Recipient

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Onconephrology

  • 961 Accesses

Abstract

Renal transplantation is the optimal treatment for end stage kidney disease (ESKD). Prolonged immunosuppression in transplant patients has led to a number of posttransplant complications including malignancy. In fact malignancy is the third most common cause of mortality posttransplantation. In this chapter, we discuss the epidemiology and pathogenesis of posttransplant malignancy, with a focus on malignancies that are more prominent posttransplant. In addition, we briefly discuss the donor-derived malignancies and the challenges of transplanting patients with a history of malignancy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

ACKD:

Acquired cystic kidney disease

AJCC:

American Joint Committee on Cancer

AK:

Actinic keratosis

BCC:

Basal cell cancer

BM:

Bone marrow

CNI:

Calcineurin inhibitors

CNS:

Central nervous system

EAR:

Excess absolute risk

ED&C:

Electrodessication with curettage

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

ESKD:

End stage kidney disease

GPCR:

G protein cellular receptor

HHV:

Human herpes virus

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

HPV:

Human papilloma virus

KDIGO:

Kidney disease improving global outcomes

KS:

Kaposi’s sarcoma

LCDD:

Light chain deposition disease

LMP:

Latent membrane protein

MGUS:

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PTLD:

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder

SCC:

Squamous cell cancer

SIR:

Standardized incidence ratio

SRTR:

Scientific registry of transplant recipients

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

UV:

Ultra violet

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

XRT:

Radiation therapy

References

  1. Schnuelle P, Lorenz D, Trede M, Van Der Woude FJ. Impact of renal cadaveric transplantation on survival in end-stage renal failure: evidence for reduced mortality risk compared with hemodialysis during long-term follow-up. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:2135–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Meier-Kriesche HU, Ojo AO, Port FK, Arndorfer JA, Cibrik DM, Kaplan B. Survival improvement among patients with end-stage renal disease: trends over time for transplant recipients and wait-listed patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:1293–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Howard RJ, Patton PR, Reed AI, Hemming AW, Werf WJ Van der, Pfaff WW, Srinivas TR, Scornik JC. The changing causes of graft loss and death after kidney transplantation. Transplantation. 2002;73:1923–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Briggs JD. Causes of death after renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:1545–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Knight SR, Russell NK, Barcena L, Morris PJ. Mycophenolate mofetil decreases acute rejection and may improve graft survival in renal transplant recipients when compared with azathioprine: a systematic review. Transplantation. 2009;87:785–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Serur D, Saal S, Wang J, Sullivan J, Bologa R, Hartono C, Dadhania D, Lee J, Gerber LM, Goldstein M, Kapur S, Stubenbord W, Belenkaya R, Marin M, Seshan S, Ni Q, Levine D, Parker T, Stenzel K, Smith B, Riggio R, Cheigh J. Deceased-donor kidney transplantation: improvement in long-term survival. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26:317–24.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, Fraumeni JF, Jr., Kasiske BL, Israni AK, Snyder JJ, Wolfe RA, Goodrich NP, Bayakly AR, Clarke CA, Copeland G, Finch JL, Fleissner ML, Goodman MT, Kahn A, Koch L, Lynch CF, Madeleine MM, Pawlish K, Rao C, Williams MA, Castenson D, Curry M, Parsons R, Fant G, Lin M. Spectrum of cancer risk among US solid organ transplant recipients. JAMA. 2011;306:1891–901.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Vajdic CM, McDonald SP, McCredie MR, Leeuwen MT van, Stewart JH, Law M, Chapman JR, Webster AC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Cancer incidence before and after kidney transplantation. JAMA. 2006;296:2823–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pedotti P, Cardillo M, Rossini G, Arcuri V, Boschiero L, Caldara R, Cannella G, Dissegna D, Gotti E, Marchini F, Maresca MC, Montagnino G, Montanaro D, Rigotti P, Sandrini S, Taioli E, Scalamogna M. Incidence of cancer after kidney transplant: results from the North Italy transplant program. Transplantation. 2003;76:1448–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Wimmer CD, Rentsch M, Crispin A, Illner WD, Arbogast H, Graeb C, Jauch KW, Guba M. The janus face of immunosuppression - de novo malignancy after renal transplantation: the experience of the Transplantation Center Munich. Kidney Int. 2007;71:1271–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Mihalov ML, Gattuso P, Abraham K, Holmes EW, Reddy V. Incidence of post-transplant malignancy among 674 solid-organ-transplant recipients at a single center. Clin Transplant. 1996;10:248–55.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Opelz G, Henderson R. Incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in kidney and heart transplant recipients. Lancet. 1993;342:1514–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Dunn GP, Bruce AT, Ikeda H, Old LJ, Schreiber RD. Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape. Nat Immunol. 2002;3:991–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kelly GE, Meikle W, Sheil AG. Scheduled and unscheduled DNA synthesis in epidermal cells of hairless mice treated with immunosuppressive drugs and UVB-UVA irradiation. Br J Dermatol. 1987;117:429–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Yarosh DB, Pena AV, Nay SL, Canning MT, Brown DA. Calcineurin inhibitors decrease DNA repair and apoptosis in human keratinocytes following ultraviolet B irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125:1020–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. de Graaf YG, Rebel H, Elghalbzouri A, Cramers P, Nellen RG, Willemze R, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Gruijl FR de. More epidermal p53 patches adjacent to skin carcinomas in renal transplant recipients than in immunocompetent patients: the role of azathioprine. Exp Dermatol. 2008;17:349–55.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Walker RC, Marshall WF, Strickler JG, Wiesner RH, Velosa JA, Habermann TM, McGregor CG, Paya CV. Pretransplantation assessment of the risk of lymphoproliferative disorder. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;20:1346–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Nagy S, Gyulai R, Kemeny L, Szenohradszky P, Dobozy A. Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma: HHV8 positivity persists but the tumors regress almost completely without immunosuppressive therapy. Transplantation. 2000;69:2230–1.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Martinez OM, Gruijl de FR. Molecular and immunologic mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2008;8:2205–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Noonan DM, De Lerma Barbaro A, Vannini N, Mortara L, Albini A. Inflammation, inflammatory cells and angiogenesis: decisions and indecisions. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2008;27:31–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Blobe GC, Schieman WP, Lodish HF. Role of transforming growth factor beta in human disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1350–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Maluccio M, Sharma V, Lagman M, Vyas S, Yang H, Li B, Suthanthiran M. Tacrolimus enhances transforming growth factor-beta1 expression and promotes tumor progression. Transplantation. 2003;76:597–602.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Koehl GE, Andrassy J, Guba M, Richter S, Kroemer A, Scherer MN, Steinbauer M, Graeb C, Schlitt HJ, Jauch KW, Geissler EK. Rapamycin protects allografts from rejection while simultaneously attacking tumors in immunosuppressed mice. Transplantation. 2004;77:1319–26.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Nepomuceno RR, Balatoni CE, Natkunam Y, Snow AL, Krams SM, Martinez OM. Rapamycin inhibits the interleukin 10 signal transduction pathway and the growth of Epstein Barr virus B-cell lymphomas. Cancer Res. 2003;63:4472–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Scala G, Quinto I, Ruocco MR, Arcucci A, Mallardo M, Caretto P, Forni G, Venuta S. Expression of an exogenous interleukin 6 gene in human Epstein Barr virus B cells confers growth advantage and in vivo tumorigenicity. J Exp Med. 1990;172:61–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Tosato G, Jones K, Breinig MK, McWilliams HP, McKnight JL. Interleukin-6 production in posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. J Clin Invest. 1993;91:2806–14.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Tanner JE, Menezes J. Interleukin-6 and Epstein-Barr virus induction by cyclosporine A: potential role in lymphoproliferative disease. Blood. 1994;84:3956–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Kim J, Modlin RL, Moy RL, Dubinett SM, McHugh T, Nickolof BJ, Uyemura K. IL-10 production in cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinomas. A mechanism for evading the local T cell immune response. J Immunol. 1995;155:2240–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Izumi KM, Kaye KM, Kieff ED. The Epstein-Barr virus LMP1 amino acid sequence that engages tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factors is critical for primary B lymphocyte growth transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:1447–52.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Moosa MR. Racial and ethnic variations in incidence and pattern of malignancies after kidney transplantation. Medicine (Baltimore). 2005;84:12–22.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Campistol JM, Schena FP. Kaposi’s sarcoma in renal transplant recipients-the impact of proliferation signal inhibitors. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22 Suppl 1:i17–i22.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Qunibi W, Al-Furayh O, Almeshari K, Lin SF, Sun R, Heston L, Ross D, Rigsby M, Miller G. Serologic association of human herpesvirus eight with posttransplant Kaposi’s sarcoma in Saudi Arabia. Transplantation. 1998;65:583–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Hosseini-Moghaddam SM, Soleimanirahbar A, Mazzulli T, Rotstein C, Husain S. Post renal transplantation Kaposi’s sarcoma: a review of its epidemiology. pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical aspects, and therapy. Transpl Infect Dis. 2012;14:338–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Brander C, Suscovich T, Lee Y, Nguyen PT, O'Connor P, Seebach J, Jones NG, Gorder M van, Walker BD, Scadden DT. Impaired CTL recognition of cells latently infected with Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus. J Immunol. 2000;165:2077–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Flore O, Rafii S, Ely S, O'Leary JJ, Hyjek EM, Cesarman E. Transformation of primary human endothelial cells by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Nature. 1998;394:588–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Bais C, Santomasso B, Coso O, Arvanitakis L, Raaka EG, Gutkind JS, Asch AS, Cesarman E, Gershengorn MC, Mesri EA. G-protein-coupled receptor of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is a viral oncogene and angiogenesis activator. Nature. 1998;391:86–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ishido S, Wang C, Lee BS, Cohen GB, Jung JU. Downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K3 and K5 proteins. J Virol. 2000;74:5300–9.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Zmonarski SC, Boratynska M, Puziewicz-Zmonarska A, Kazimierczak K, Klinger M. Kaposi’s sarcoma in renal transplant recipients. Ann Transplant. 2005;10:59–65.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Stallone G, Schena A, Infante B, Di Paolo S, Loverre A, Maggio G, Ranieri E, Gesualdo L, Schena FP. Grandaliano G. Sirolimus for Kaposi’s sarcoma in renal-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1317–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Sodhi A, Chaisuparat R, Hu J, Ramsdell AK, Manning BD, Sausville EA, Sawai ET, Molinolo A, Gutkind JS, Montaner S. The TSC2/mTOR pathway drives endothelial cell transformation induced by the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus G protein-coupled receptor. Cancer Cell. 2006;10:133–43.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Guba M, Breitenbuch P von, Steinbauer M, Koehl G, Flegel S, Hornung M, Bruns CJ, Zuelke C, Farkas S, Anthuber M, Jauch KW, Geissler EK. Rapamycin inhibits primary and metastatic tumor growth by antiangiogenesis: involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor. Nat Med. 2002;8:128–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Babel N, Eibl N, Ulrich C, Bold G, Sefrin A, Hammer MH, Rosenberger C, Reinke P. Development of Kaposi’s sarcoma under sirolimus-based immunosuppression and successful treatment with imiquimod. Transpl Infect Dis. 2008;10:59–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Regnier-Rosencher E, Guillot B, Dupin N. Treatments for classic Kaposi sarcoma: a systematic review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;68:313–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Mohsin N, Budruddin M, Pakkyara A, Darweesh A, Nayyer M, Amitabh J, Daar AS. Complete regression of visceral Kaposi’s sarcoma after conversion to sirolimus. Exp Clin Transplant. 2005;3:366–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Patel N, Salifu M, Sumrani N, Distant D, Hong J, Markel M, Braverman AS. Successful treatment of post-renal transplant Kaposi’s sarcoma with paclitaxel. Am J Transplant. 2002;2:877–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Greenberg JN, Zwald FO. Management of skin cancer in solid-organ transplant recipients: a multidisciplinary approach. Dermatol Clin. 2011;29:231–41, ix.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Euvrard S, Kanitakis J, Claudy A. Skin cancers after organ transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1681–91.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Hartevelt MM, Bavinck JN, Kootte AM, Vermeer BJ, Vandenbroucke JP. Incidence of skin cancer after renal transplantation in The Netherlands. Transplantation. 1990;49:506–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Ulrich C, Kanitakis J, Stockfleth E, Euvrard S. Skin cancer in organ transplant recipients-where do we stand today? Am J Transplant. 2008;8:2192–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Ramsay HM, Fryer AA, Hawley CM, Smith AG, Nicol DL, Harden PN. Factors associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer following renal transplantation in Queensland. Australia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49:397–406.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Wisgerhof HC, Edelbroek JR, Fijter JW de, Haasnoot GW, Claas FH, Willemze R, Bavinck JN. Subsequent squamous- and basal-cell carcinomas in kidney-transplant recipients after the first skin cancer: cumulative incidence and risk factors. Transplantation. 2010;89:1231–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Jensen P, Hansen S, Moller B, Leivestad T, Pfeffer P, Geiran O, Fauchald P, Simonsen S. Skin cancer in kidney and heart transplant recipients and different long-term immunosuppressive therapy regimens. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;40:177–86.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Glover MT, Deeks JJ, Raftery MJ, Cunningham J, Leigh IM. Immunosuppression and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in renal transplant recipients. Lancet. 1997;349:398.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Laing ME, Dicker P, Moloney FJ, Ho WL, Murphy GM, Conlon P, Whitehead AS, Shields DC. Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma in renal transplant patients. Transplantation. 2007;84:113–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Nindl I, Gottschling M, Stockfleth E. Human papillomaviruses and non-melanoma skin cancer: basic virology and clinical manifestations. Dis Markers. 2007;23:247–59.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Urwin HR, Jones PW, Harden PN, Ramsay HM, Hawley CM, Nicol DL, Fryer AA. Predicting risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer and premalignant skin lesions in renal transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2009;87:1667–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. KDIGO. Clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(Suppl 3):S1–155.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Ulrich C, Jurgensen JS, Degen A, Hackethal M, Ulrich M, Patel MJ, Eberle J, Terhorst D, Sterry W, Stockfleth E. Prevention of non-melanoma skin cancer in organ transplant patients by regular use of a sunscreen: a 24 months, prospective, case-control study. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(Suppl 3):78–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Dantal J, Hourmant M, Cantarovich D, Giral M, Blancho G, Dreno B, Soulillou JP. Effect of long-term immunosuppression in kidney-graft recipients on cancer incidence: randomised comparison of two cyclosporin regimens. Lancet. 1998;351:623–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Moloney FJ, Kelly PO, Kay EW, Conlon P, Murphy GM. Maintenance versus reduction of immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients with aggressive squamous cell carcinoma. Dermatol Surg. 2004;30:674–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Campistol JM, Eris J, Oberbauer R, Friend P, Hutchison B, Morales JM, Claesson K, Stallone G, Russ G, Rostaing L, Kreis H, Burke JT, Brault Y, Scarola JA, Neylan JF. Sirolimus therapy after early cyclosporine withdrawal reduces the risk for cancer in adult renal transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:581–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. George R, Weightman W, Russ GR, Bannister KM, Mathew TH. Acitretin for chemoprevention of non-melanoma skin cancers in renal transplant recipients. Australas J Dermatol. 2002;43:269–73.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Price NM. The treatment of actinic keratoses with a combination of 5-fluorouracil and imiquimod creams. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007;6:778–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Willey A, Mehta S, Lee F. Reduction in the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in solid organ transplant recipients treated with cyclic photodynamic therapy. Dermatol Surg. 2010;36:652–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Miller SJ, Alam M, Andersen J, Berg D, Bichakjian CK, Bowen G, Cheney RT, Glass LF, Grekin RC, Kessinger A, Lee NY, Liegeois N, Lydiatt DD, Michalski J, Morrison WH, Nehal KS, Nelson KC, Nghiem P, Olencki T, Perlis CS, Rosenberg EW, Shaha AR, Urist MM, Wang LC, Zic JA. Basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2010;8:836–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. de Fijter JW. Use of proliferation signal inhibitors in non-melanoma skin cancer following renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22 Suppl 1:i23–6.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Euvrard S, Morelon E, Rostaing L, Goffin E, Brocard A, Tromme I, Broeders N, Marmol V del, Chatelet V, Dompmartin A, Kessler M, Serra AL, Hofbauer GF, Pouteil-Noble C, Campistol JM, Kanitakis J, Roux AS, Decullier E, Dantal J. Sirolimus and secondary skin-cancer prevention in kidney transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:329–39.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Kwan W, Wilson D, Moravan V. Radiotherapy for locally advanced basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;60:406–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Endrizzi BT, Lee PK. Management of carcinoma of the skin in solid organ transplant recipients with oral capecitabine. Dermatol Surg. 2009;35:1567–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Bauman JE, Eaton KD, Martins RG. Treatment of recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with cetuximab. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143:889–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Silverman MK, Kopf AW, Grin CM, Bart RS, Levenstein MJ. Recurrence rates of treated basal cell carcinomas. Part 2: Curettage-electrodesiccation. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1991;17:720–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Geisse J, Caro I, Lindholm J, Golitz L, Stampone P, Owens M. Imiquimod 5 % cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results from two phase III, randomized, vehicle-controlled studies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50:722–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Reymann F. Treatment of basal cell carcinoma of the skin with 5-fluorouracil ointment. A 10-year follow-up study. Dermatologica. 1979;158:368–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Muller FM, Dawe RS, Moseley H, Fleming CJ. Randomized comparison of Mohs micrographic surgery and surgical excision for small nodular basal cell carcinoma: tissue-sparing outcome. Dermatol Surg. 2009;35:1349–54.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Moeholt K, Aagaard H, Pfeiffer P, Hansen O. Platinum-based cytotoxic therapy in basal cell carcinoma—a review of the literature. Acta Oncol. 1996;35:677–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Caron J, Dereure O, Kerob D, Lebbe C, Guillot B. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: report of two cases treated with cetuximab. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161:702–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Hollenbeak CS, Todd MM, Billingsley EM, Harper G, Dyer AM, Lengerich EJ. Increased incidence of melanoma in renal transplantation recipients. Cancer. 2005;104:1962–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Penn I. De novo malignances in pediatric organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. 1998;2:56–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Penn I. Malignant melanoma in organ allograft recipients. Transplantation. 1996;61:274–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Abbasi NR, Shaw HM, Rigel DS, Friedman RJ, McCarthy WH, Osman I, Kopf AW, Polsky D. Early diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma: revisiting the ABCD criteria. JAMA. 2004;292:2771–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Grob JJ, Bonerandi JJ. The ‘ugly duckling’ sign: identification of the common characteristics of nevi in an individual as a basis for melanoma screening. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:103–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Marsden JR, Newton-Bishop JA, Burrows L, Cook M, Corrie PG, Cox NH, Gore ME, Lorigan P, MacKie R, Nathan P, Peach H, Powel B, Walker C. Revised U.K. guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma 2010. Br J Dermatol. 2010;163:238–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Balch CM, Gershenwald JE, Soong SJ, Thompson JF, Atkins MB, Byrd DR, Buzaid AC, Cochran AJ, Coit DG, Ding S, Eggermont AM, Flaherty KT, Gimotty PA, Kirkwood JM, McMasters KM, Mihm, Jr., MC. Morton DL, Ross MI, Sober AJ. V.K. Sondak: final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:6199–206.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Brewer JD, Christenson LJ, Weaver AL, Dapprich DC, Weenig RH, Lim KK, Walsh JS, Otley CC, Cherikh W, Buell JF, Woodle ES, Arpey C, Patton PR. Malignant melanoma in solid transplant recipients: collection of database cases and comparison with surveillance. Epidemiology, and end results data for outcome analysis. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147:790–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Matin RN, Mesher D, Proby CM, McGregor JM, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Marmol V del, Euvrard S, Ferrandiz C, Geusau A, Hackethal M, Ho WL, Hofbauer GF, Imko-Walczuk B, Kanitakis J, Lally A, Lear JT, Lebbe C, Murphy GM, Piaserico S, Seckin D, Stockfleth E, Ulrich C, Wojnarowska FT, Lin HY, Balch C, Harwood CA. Melanoma in organ transplant recipients: clinicopathological features and outcome in 100 cases. Am J Transplant. 2008;8:1891–900.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Sabel MS, Sondak VK. Point: interferon-alpha for adjuvant therapy for melanoma patients. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2004;2:61–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Penn I, First MR. Merkel’s cell carcinoma in organ recipients: report of 41 cases. Transplantation. 1999;68:1717–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Spurgeon ME, Lambert PF. Merkel cell polyomavirus: a newly discovered human virus with oncogenic potential. Virology. 2013;435:118–30.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Penn I. Cancers of the anogenital region in renal transplant recipients. Analysis of 65 cases. Cancer. 1986;58:611–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Palefsky JM, Holly EA, Ralston ML, Jay N. Prevalence and risk factors for human papillomavirus infection of the anal canal in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative homosexual men. J Infect Dis. 1998;177:361–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Sillman FH, Sentovich S, Shaffer D. Ano-genital neoplasia in renal transplant patients. Ann Transplant. 1997;2:59–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Timonen S, Pyorala T. Cervical cancer. Mass screening, incidence and mortality in Finland. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1977;67:13–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Schechter CB. Cost-effectiveness of rescreening conventionally prepared cervical smears by PAPNET testing. Acta Cytol. 1996;40:1272–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Patel HS, Silver AR, Northover JM. Anal cancer in renal transplant patients. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2007;22:1–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Danzinger-Isakov L, Kumar D. Guidelines for vaccination of solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(Suppl 4):S258–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Tsaur I, Obermuller N, Jonas D, Blaheta R, Juengel E, Scheuermann EH, Kachel HG, Karalis A, Probst M. De novo renal cell carcinoma of native and graft kidneys in renal transplant recipients. BJU Int. 2011;108:229–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Schwarz A, Vatandaslar S, Merkel S, Haller H. Renal cell carcinoma in transplant recipients with acquired cystic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2:750–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Carver BS, Zibari GB, McBride V, Venable DD, Eastham JA. The incidence and implications of renal cell carcinoma in cadaveric renal transplants at the time of organ recovery. Transplantation. 1999;67:1438–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Narasimhan N, Golper TA, Wolfson M, Rahatzad M, Bennett WM. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic considerations in acquired renal cystic disease. Kidney Int. 1986;30:748–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Doublet JD, Peraldi MN, Gattegno B, Thibault P, Sraer JD. Renal cell carcinoma of native kidneys: prospective study of 129 renal transplant patients. J Urol. 1997;158:42–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Kasiske BL, Vazquez MA, Harmon WE, Brown RS, Danovitch GM, Gaston RS, Roth D, Scandling JD, Singer GG. Recommendations for the outpatient surveillance of renal transplant recipients. American Society of Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11(Suppl 15):S1–S86.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Muruve NA, Shoskes DA. Genitourinary malignancies in solid organ transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2005;80:709–16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Klatte T, Marberger M. Renal cell carcinoma of native kidneys in renal transplant patients. Curr Opin Urol. 2011;21:376–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Wu MJ, Lian JD, Yang CR, Cheng CH, Chen CH, Lee WC, Shu KH, Tang MJ. High cumulative incidence of urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma after kidney transplantation in Taiwan. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;43:1091–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Master VA, Meng MV, Grossfeld GD, Koppie TM, Hirose R, Carroll PR. Treatment and outcome of invasive bladder cancer in patients after renal transplantation. J Urol. 2004;171:1085–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Prabharasuth D, Moses KA, Bernstein M, Dalbagni G, Herr HW. Management of bladder cancer after renal transplantation. Urology. 2013;81:813–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Wang HB, Hsieh HH, Chen YT, Chiang CY, Cheng YT. The outcome of post-transplant transitional cell carcinoma in 10 renal transplant recipients. Clin Transplant. 2002;16:410–3.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Pino L, Rijo E, Nohales G, Frances A, Ubre A, Arango O. Bladder transitional cell carcinoma and BK virus in a young kidney transplant recipient. Transpl Infect Dis. 2013;15:E25–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Abend JR, Jiang M, Imperiale MJ. BK virus and human cancer: innocent until proven guilty. Semin Cancer Biol. 2009;19:252–60.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Adami J, Gabel H, Lindelof B, Ekstrom K, Rydh B, Glimelius B, Ekbom A, Adami HO, Granath F. Cancer risk following organ transplantation: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden. Br J Cancer. 2003;89:1221–7.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Johnson EE, Leverson GE, Pirsch JD, Heise CP. A 30-year analysis of colorectal adenocarcinoma in transplant recipients and proposal for altered screening. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:272–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Tran H, Nourse J, Hall S, Green M, Griffiths L, Gandhi MK. Immunodeficiency-associated lymphomas. Blood Rev. 2008;22:261–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Dharnidharka VR, Tejani AH, Ho PL, Harmon WE. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in the United States: young Caucasian males are at highest risk. Am J Transplant. 2002;2:993–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Jagadeesh D, Woda BA, Draper J, Evens AM. Post transplant lymphoproliferative disorders: risk classification, and therapeutic recommendations. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2012;13:122–36.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Caillard S, Dharnidharka V, Agodoa L, Bohen E, Abbott K. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders after renal transplantation in the United States in era of modern immunosuppression. Transplantation. 2005;80:1233–43.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Opelz G, Dohler B. Lymphomas after solid organ transplantation: a collaborative transplant study report. Am J Transplant. 2004;4:222–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Vincenti F, Charpentier B, Vanrenterghem Y, Rostaing L, Bresnahan B, Darji P, Massari P, Mondragon-Ramirez GA, Agarwal M, Di Russo G, Lin CS, Garg P, Larsen CP. A phase III study of belatacept-based immunosuppression regimens versus cyclosporine in renal transplant recipients (BENEFIT study). Am J Transplant. 2010;10:535–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Durrbach A, Pestana JM, Pearson T, Vincenti F, Garcia VD, Campistol J, Rial Mdel C, Florman S, Block A, Di Russo G, Xing J, Garg P, Grinyo J. A phase III study of belatacept versus cyclosporine in kidney transplants from extended criteria donors (BENEFIT-EXT study). Am J Transplant. 2010;10:547–57.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Paya CV, Fung JJ, Nalesnik MA, Kieff E, Green M, Gores G, Habermann TM, Wiesner PH, Swinnen JL, Woodle ES, Bromberg JS. Epstein-Barr virus-induced posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders. ASTS/ASTP EBV-PTLD Task Force and The Mayo Clinic Organized International Consensus Development Meeting. Transplantation. 1999;68:1517–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. McDonald RA, Smith JM, Ho M, Lindblad R, Ikle D, Grimm P, Wyatt R, Arar M, Liereman D, Bridges N, Harmon W. Incidence of PTLD in pediatric renal transplant recipients receiving basiliximab, calcineurin inhibitor, sirolimus and steroids. Am J Transplant. 2008;8:984–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Subklewe M, Marquis R, Choquet S, Leblond V, Garnier JL, Hetzer R, Swinnen LJ, Oertel S, Papp-Vary M, Gonzalez-Barca E, Hepkema BG, Schoenemann C, May J, Pezzutto A, Riess H. Association of human leukocyte antigen haplotypes with posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease after solid organ transplantation. Transplantation. 2006;82:1093–100.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Babel N, Vergopoulos A, Trappe RU, Oertel S, Hammer MH, Karaivanov S, Schneider N, Riess H, Papp-Vary M, Neuhaus R, Gondek LP, Volk HD, Reinke P. Evidence for genetic susceptibility towards development of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid organ recipients. Transplantation. 2007;84:387–91.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Nourse JP, Jones K, Gandhi MK. Epstein–Barr Virus-related post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders: pathogenetic insights for targeted therapy. Am J Transplant. 2011;11:888–95.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Blaes AH, Morrison VA. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders following solid-organ transplantation. Expert Rev Hematol. 2010;3:35–44.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Caillard S, Lelong C, Pessione F, Moulin B. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders occurring after renal transplantation in adults: report of 230 cases from the French Registry. Am J Transplant. 2006;6:2735–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Oton AB, Wang H, Leleu X, Melhem MF, George D, Lacasce A, Foon K, Ghobrial IM. Clinical and pathological prognostic markers for survival in adult patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders in solid transplant. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008;49:1738–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Humar A, Michaels M. American Society of Transplantation recommendations for screening, monitoring and reporting of infectious complications in immunosuppression trials in recipients of organ transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2006;6:262–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Tsai DE, Douglas L, Andreadis C, Vogl DT, Arnoldi S, Kotloff R, Svoboda J, Bloom RD, Olthoff KM, Brozena SC, Schuster SJ, Stadtmauer EA, Robertson ES, Wasik MA, Ahya VN. EBV PCR in the diagnosis and monitoring of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: results of a two-arm prospective trial. Am J Transplant. 2008;8:1016–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Shimizu H, Saitoh T, Koya H, Yuzuriha A, Hoshino T, Hatsumi N, Takada S, Nagaki T, Nojima Y, Sakura T. Discrepancy in EBV-DNA load between peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid in a patient with isolated CNS post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Int J Hematol. 2011;94:495–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Jones K, Gandhi MK. Epstein-Barr virus DNA as a biomarker for Epstein–Barr virus-positive lymphomas: are we there yet? Leuk Lymphoma. 2009;50:684–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Tsai DE, Hardy CL, Tomaszewski JE, Kotloff RM, Oltoff KM, Somer BG, Schuster SJ, Porter DL, Montone KT, Stadtmauer EA. Reduction in immunosuppression as initial therapy for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: analysis of prognostic variables and long-term follow-up of 42 adult patients. Transplantation. 2001;71:1076–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Reshef R, Vardhanabhuti S, Luskin MR, Heitjan DF, Hadjiliadis D, Goral S, Krok KL, Goldberg LR, Porter DL, Stadtmauer EA, Tsai DE. Reduction of immunosuppression as initial therapy for posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder(bigstar). Am J Transplant. 2011;11:336–47.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Funch DP, Walker AM, Schneider G, Ziyadeh NJ, Pescovitz MD. Ganciclovir and acyclovir reduce the risk of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2005;5:2894–900.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Perrine SP, Hermine O, Small T, Suarez F, O'Reilly R, Boulad F, Fingeroth J, Askin M, Levy A, Mentzer SJ, Di Nicola M, Gianni AM, Klein C, Horwitz S, Faller DV. A phase 1/2 trial of arginine butyrate and ganciclovir in patients with Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoid malignancies. Blood. 2007;109:2571–8.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Evens AM, David KA, Helenowski I, Nelson B, Kaufman D, Kircher SM, Gimelfarb A, Hattersley E, Mauro LA, Jovanovic B, Chadburn A, Stiff P, Winter JN, Mehta J, Besien K Van, Gregory S, Gordon LI, Shammo JM, Smith SE, Smith SM. Multicenter analysis of 80 solid organ transplantation recipients with post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease: outcomes and prognostic factors in the modern era. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:1038–46.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Ghobrial IM, Habermann TM, Ristow KM, Ansell SM, Macon W, Geyer SM, McGregor CG. Prognostic factors in patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) in the rituximab era. Leuk Lymphoma. 2005;46:191–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Choquet S, Leblond V, Herbrecht R, Socie G, Stoppa AM, Vandenberghe P, Fischer A, Morschhauser F, Salles G, Feremans W, Vilmer E, Peraldi MN, Lang P, Lebranchu Y, Oksenhendler E, Garnier JL, Lamy T, Jaccard A, Ferrant A, Offner F, Hermine O, Moreau A, Fafi-Kremer S, Morand P, Chatenoud L, Berriot-Varoqueaux N, Bergougnoux L, Milpied N. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in B-cell post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders: results of a prospective multicenter phase 2 study. Blood. 2006;107:3053–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. van Esser JW, Niesters HG, Holt B van der, Meijer E, Osterhaus AD, Gratama JW, Verdonck LF, Lowenberg B, Cornelissen JJ. Prevention of Epstein-Barr virus-lymphoproliferative disease by molecular monitoring and preemptive rituximab in high-risk patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2002;99:4364–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Knight JS, Tsodikov A, Cibrik DM, Ross CW, Kaminski MS, Blayney DW. Lymphoma after solid organ transplantation: risk, response to therapy, and survival at a transplantation center. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:3354–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Choquet S, Trappe R, Leblond V, Jager U, Davi F, Oertel S. CHOP-21 for the treatment of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) following solid organ transplantation. Haematologica. 2007;92:273–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Dotti G, Fiocchi R, Motta T, Mammana C, Gotti E, Riva S, Cornelli P, Gridelli B, Viero P, Oldani E, Ferrazzi P, Remuzzi G, Barbui T, Rambaldi A. Lymphomas occurring late after solid-organ transplantation: influence of treatment on the clinical outcome. Transplantation. 2002;74:1095–102.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Fohrer C, Caillard S, Koumarianou A, Ellero B, Woehl-Jaegle ML, Meyer C, Epailly E, Chenard MP, Lioure B, Natarajan-Ame S, Maloisel F, Lutun P, Kessler R, Moulin B, Bergerat JP, Wolf P, Herbrecht R. Long-term survival in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders with a dose-adjusted ACVBP regimen. Br J Haematol. 2006;134:602–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Trappe R, Oertel S, Leblond V, Mollee P, Sender M, Reinke P, Neuhaus R, Lehmkuhl H, Horst HA, Salles G, Morschhauser F, Jaccard A, Lamy T, Leithauser M, Zimmermann H, Anagnostopoulos I, Raphael M, Ries H, Choquet S. Sequential treatment with rituximab followed by CHOP chemotherapy in adult B-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD): the prospective international multicentre phase 2 PTLD-1 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13:196–206.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. Koffman BH, Kennedy AS, Heyman M, Colonna J, Howell C. Use of radiation therapy in posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after liver transplantation. Int J Cancer. 2000;90:104–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Snanoudj R, Durrbach A, Leblond V, Caillard S, Hurault De Ligny B, Noel C, Rondeau E, Moulin B, Mamzer-Bruneel MF, Lacroix C, Charpentier B. Primary brain lymphomas after kidney transplantation: presentation and outcome. Transplantation. 2003;76:930–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Taj MM, Messahel B, Mycroft J, Pritchard-Jones K, Baker A, Height S, Hadzic N, Pinkerton CR. Efficacy and tolerability of high-dose methotrexate in central nervous system positive or relapsed lymphoproliferative disease following liver transplant in children. Br J Haematol. 2008;140:191–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Evens AM, Helenowski I, Ramsdale E, Nabhan C, Karmali R, Hanson B, Parsons B, Smith S, Larsen A, McKoy JM, Jovanovic B, Gregory S, Gordon LI, Smith SM. A retrospective multicenter analysis of elderly Hodgkin lymphoma: outcomes and prognostic factors in the modern era. Blood. 2012;119:692–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Cavaliere R, Petroni G, Lopes MB, Schiff D. Primary central nervous system post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder: an International Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Collaborative Group Report. Cancer. 2010;116:863–70.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Rooney CM, Smith CA, Ng CY, Loftin SK, Sixbey JW, Gan Y, Srivastava DK, Bowman LC, Krance RA, Brenner MK, Heslop HE. Infusion of cytotoxic T cells for the prevention and treatment of Epstein–Barr virus-induced lymphoma in allogeneic transplant recipients. Blood. 1998;92:1549–55.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Papadopoulos EB, Ladanyi M, Emanuel D, Mackinnon S, Boulad F, Carabasi MH, Castro-Malaspina H, Childs BH, Gillio AP, Smal TN, et al. Infusions of donor leukocytes to treat Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorders after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1185–91.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Johnson SR, Cherikh WS, Kauffman HM, Pavlakis M, Hanto DW. Retransplantation after post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders: an OPTN/UNOS database analysis. Am J Transplant. 2006;6:2743–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Desai R, Collett D, Watson CJ, Johnson P, Evans T, Neuberger J. Cancer transmission from organ donors-unavoidable but low risk. Transplantation. 2012;94:1200–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Kauffman HM, McBride MA, Delmonico FL. First report of the United Network for Organ Sharing Transplant Tumor Registry: donors with a history of cancer. Transplantation. 2000;70:1747–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Xiao D, Craig JC, Chapman JR, Dominguez-Gil B, Tong A, Wong G. Donor cancer transmission in kidney transplantation: a systematic review. Am J Transplant. 2013;13:2645–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Moudouni SM, Tligui M, Doublet JD, Haab F, Gattegno B, Thibault P. Nephron-sparing surgery for de novo renal cell carcinoma in allograft kidneys. Transplantation. 2005;80:865–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. Penn I. The effect of immunosuppression on pre-existing cancers. Transplantation. 1993;55:742–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Trofe J, Buell JF, Woodle ES, Beebe TM, Hanaway MJ, First MR, Alloway RR, Gross TG. Recurrence risk after organ transplantation in patients with a history of Hodgkin disease or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Transplantation. 2004;78:972–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Penn I. Evaluation of transplant candidates with pre-existing malignancies. Ann Transplant. 1997;2:14–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. Otley CC, Hirose R, Salasche SJ. Skin cancer as a contraindication to organ transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2005;5:2079–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Brattstrom C, Granath F, Edgren G, Smedby KE, Wilczek HE. Overall and cause-specific mortality in transplant recipients with a pretransplantation cancer history. Transplantation. 2013;96(3):297–305.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Kasiske BL, Cangro CB, Hariharan S, Hricik DE, Kerman RH, Roth D, Rush DN, Vazquez MA, Weir MR. The evaluation of renal transplantation candidates: clinical practice guidelines. Am J Transplant. 2001;1 Suppl 2:3–95.

    Google Scholar 

  162. Naina HV, Harris S, Dispenzieri A, Cosio FG, Habermann TM, Stegall MD, Dean PG, Prieto M, Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV, Leung N. Long-term follow-up of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance after kidney transplantation. Am J Nephrol. 2012;35:365–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. Leung N, Lager DJ, Gertz MA, Wilson K, Kanakiriya S, Fervenza FC. Long-term outcome of renal transplantation in light-chain deposition disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;43:147–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Bansal T, Garg A, Snowden JA, McKane W. Defining the role of renal transplantation in the modern management of multiple myeloma and other plasma cell dyscrasias. Nephron Clin Pract. 2012;120:c228–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Spitzer TR, Sykes M, Tolkoff-Rubin N, Kawai T, McAfee SL, Dey BR, Ballen K, Delmonico F, Saidman S, Sachs DH, Cosimi AB. Long-term follow-up of recipients of combined human leukocyte antigen-matched bone marrow and kidney transplantation for multiple myeloma with end-stage renal disease. Transplantation. 2011;91:672–6.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nephrology and Recanati Miller Transplant Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Ichan Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Sharad Sathyan MD & Vinay Nair DO

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medicine, Great Neck, NY, USA

    Madhu Bhaskaran MD

Authors
  1. Sharad Sathyan MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Madhu Bhaskaran MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Vinay Nair DO
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vinay Nair DO .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medicine, Great Neck, New York, USA

    Kenar D. Jhaveri

  2. Nephrology Section, General Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Abdulla K. Salahudeen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sathyan, S., Bhaskaran, M., Nair, V. (2015). Cancer in the Kidney Transplant Recipient. In: Jhaveri, K., Salahudeen, A. (eds) Onconephrology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2659-6_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2659-6_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2658-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2659-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation