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Carbon fluxes and storage in forests and landscapes

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Forest Landscapes and Global Change

Abstract

We begin this chapter with a discussion of the major carbon fluxes (e.g., gross primary production, ecosystem respiration) and stocks (e.g., aboveground biomass) in forest ecosystems, as well as their relationships, and provide examples of their values from selected case studies. We pay special attention to the magnitudes of these fluxes and stocks in different forests and biomes. However, studies of carbon cycling at a landscape scale lag significantly behind those at an ecosystem level. The objective of this chapter is to provide a glimpse of current knowledge of carbon fluxes and storage in forests at both ecosystem and landscape scales. Due to the overwhelming literature on this topic, we have limited our review to lessons from selected empirical studies that demonstrate the temporal and spatial variations of the carbon cycle in a range of representative environments. We further discuss our current understanding of carbon cycles across forests and landscapes in the contexts of climate change, the impact of natural disturbances, and regulation of the carbon cycle by management actions. We present a new conceptual framework for the changes in net ecosystem production following a disturbance as a foundation to guide future studies. Finally, we share our vision of the direction of future carbon cycle research from both basic and applied perspectives. We support our review by citing relevant papers that provide important references for readers.

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Acknowledgments

Our study was partially supported by the NASA-NEWS Program (NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31170454, 31229001), the United States Department of Energy’s (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science, BER DE-FC02-0764494, funding through the DOE’s Energy Efficiency and Renewal Energy Program), and the K. C. Wong Education Foundation. Many colleagues contributed thoughtful discussion during the development of this review chapter. Lisa Delp Taylor provided careful technical editing of the manuscript. The two anonymous reviewers helped us to reorganize the structure of an earlier version.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Landscape Ecology and Ecosystem Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA

    Jiquan Chen & Ranjeet John

  2. Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA

    Ge Sun, Steve McNulty & Asko Noormets

  3. Earth Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA

    Jingfeng Xiao

  4. Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Monica G. Turner

  5. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Jerry F. Franklin

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  1. Jiquan Chen
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Correspondence to Jiquan Chen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environment and Natural Re, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal

    João C. Azevedo

  2. Ontario Forest Research Institute, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, SAULT STE MARIE, Ontario, Canada

    Ajith H. Perera

  3. Department of Environment and Natural Re, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal

    M. Alice Pinto

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Chen, J. et al. (2014). Carbon fluxes and storage in forests and landscapes. In: Azevedo, J., Perera, A., Pinto, M. (eds) Forest Landscapes and Global Change. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0953-7_6

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