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On the Origins, Structures and Functions of Restriction-Modification Enzymes

  • Chapter
Genetic Engineering

Part of the book series: Genetic Engineering: Principles and Methods ((GEPM,volume 15))

Abstract

Typically, restriction-modification (RM) systems consist of two enzymes: an endonuclease that recognizes and cleaves a specific DNA sequence, and a methyltransferase that modifies the same sequence to protect the host chromosome from cleavage. These enzymes also play an important role in genetic engineering and provide insight into the basis of sequence-specific DNA-protein interactions. A growing number of type II restriction endonucleases and methyltransferases are being subjected to biochemical and genetic studies which, when combined with ongoing X-ray crystallographic analyses, promise to provide detailed models for mechanisms of DNA recognition and catalysis. Studies on anti-restriction systems, the repair of DNA single- and double-strand breaks, and the roles of DNA lesions in recombination initiation, suggest RM systems may provoke genome rearrangements and assimilate foreign DNA into the host genome and point towards possible evolutionary sources of this interesting group of DNA metabolizing enzymes.

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Heitman, J. (1993). On the Origins, Structures and Functions of Restriction-Modification Enzymes. In: Setlow, J.K. (eds) Genetic Engineering. Genetic Engineering: Principles and Methods, vol 15. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1666-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1666-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1668-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1666-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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