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DNA Glycosylases in DNA Repair

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Mechanisms of DNA Damage and Repair

Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 189))

Abstract

The excision of potentially mutagenic and lethal lesions from DNA proceeds by one of two different routes. DNA damage which results in a major distortion of the DNA double-helix is generally recognized by a high-molecular weight nuclease that cuts two phosphodiester bonds in the altered strand, one on each side of the lesion. While the biochemical properties of the complex E. coli enzyme catalyzing this reaction are being elucidated rapidly,1–3 the apparently analogous eukaryotic enzyme activity has not yet been demonstrated in a cell-free extract. The alternative pathway of excision-repair is initiated by one of several DNA glycosylases, which catalyze cleavage of the base-sugar bond of an altered nucleotide residue to release the damaged base component in free form and leave a repairable apurinic or apyrimidinic site in the DNA. The properties of DNA glycosylases have been reviewed.4–7 Some recent observations on the multiplicity and substrate specificity of these enzymes are discussed here; references to previous work may be found in the review cited.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Herts, EN6 3LD, UK

    Tomas Lindahl

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  1. Tomas Lindahl
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA

    Michael G. Simic

  2. Chemistry Department, American University, Washington, D.C., USA

    Michael G. Simic

  3. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Lawrence Grossman

  4. New York University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA

    Arthur C. Upton

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© 1986 Plenum Press, New York

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Lindahl, T. (1986). DNA Glycosylases in DNA Repair. In: Simic, M.G., Grossman, L., Upton, A.C., Bergtold, D.S. (eds) Mechanisms of DNA Damage and Repair. Basic Life Sciences, vol 189. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9462-8_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9462-8_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9464-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9462-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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